Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care

Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4 (CPEB 4) is a family member of CPEB proteins that are involved in regulating posttranscriptional expression of mRNAs. These proteins act by binding to cytoplasmic polyadenylation element of genes at their untranslated region with the conservation site of UUUUUAU. CPEB 4 proteins are responsible for modulating gene expression by the process of translational activation or repression by polyadenylation event. Overexpression of CPEB 4 gene has been reported in several classes of cancer such as gastric cancer, neuronal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. CPEB 4 sometimes acts like oncogene and can cause different types of cancer. CPEB 4 protein has been studied in detail in the current research. CPEB 4 protein structure was retrieved from the PDB database with PDB ID: 5DIF and total of 25 ligands were selected through a literature survey, chemical databases, etc., to perform molecular interaction study, docking method was used. Glide docking was done using Schrodinger software, and results were analyzed. Result shows that 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-chromen-4-one (PubChem ID: 5281670) ligand has stable interaction with a Glide score of −8.26 and shows bonds with CPEB 4 protein at positions Lys(A: 924), Gly(B: 791), Asn(A: 879), and Thr(A: 878). These findings can help in modeling suitable ligands against the CPEB 4 protein responsible for several types of cancers.

Ruchi Yadav

Mining of small interacting ligands with cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4

细胞质多聚腺苷酸化元件结合蛋白4的小分子相互作用配体的挖掘

Brenzavvy, the brand name for bexagliflozin, is an antidiabetic medication used in conjunction of exercise and a healthy diet to improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Bexacat is another brand name for a cat with diabetes. It is a dietary inhibitor of the sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2). SGLT2 inhibitors are relatively new glucose-lowering medications that also help people lose weight and lower their blood pressure in addition to having other positive benefits. Bexagliflozin is an oral SGLT2 powerful inhibitor. T2D and essential hypertension are the two conditions for which it is being developed by TheracosBio. It received its initial approval in the USA on January 20, 2023, for use as a complement to diet and exercise to enhance glycemic control in people with T2D. Bexagliflozin should not be used by anyone who is having dialysis, has type 1 diabetes, or has a glomerular filtration rate that is predicted to be lower than 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . In the USA, bexagliflozin is being developed for use in treating essential hypertension. The key developments that led to bexagliflozin's first approval for the treatment of T2D are outlined in this article.

Deepak Dalal

Ravi Kant

Kavita Attri

Garima Kapoor

Kandasamy Nagarajan

Rubina Bhutani

Kiran Sharma

Ujjawal Kaushik

Mandeep Yadav

Neetu Singh Jamwal

A systematic overview of bexagliflozin: A type 2 diabetic drug

二甲双胍系统综述：一种2型糖尿病药物

A BSTRACT Sleep disturbances, particularly prevalent in modern lifestyles, have been increasingly associated with metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (T2DM). Epidemiological evidence underscores the link between impaired sleep and elevated risks of cardiovascular diseases and mortality rates, alongside the emergence of metabolic dysregulation. Notably, conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome contribute to disrupted sleep architecture and exacerbate insulin resistance through repeated drops in blood oxygen levels during sleep. Furthermore, chronic sleep deprivation, irregular sleep schedules, and shift work disrupt circadian rhythms, amplifying the risk of metabolic disorders. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles from January 2010 to October 2023 using terms such as “sleep disturbances,” “Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,” and “retinal receptors.” Inclusion criteria covered studies on human and animal participants, comparative analyses, and reviews. Exclusion criteria ruled out nonpeer-reviewed works and those with limited population sizes. Data extraction focused on study design, populations, types of sleep disorders, metabolic effects, and retinal health impacts. Results emphasized the bidirectional relationship among these variables. The critical analytical research and review highlights the bidirectional relationship between retinal receptor dysfunction and DM, emphasizing how metabolic disturbances associated with diabetes impact retinal health, while dysfunctional retinal receptors contribute to the progression of diabetes-related complications. Insights into the role of insulin receptors in the retina and the blood–retinal barrier underscore the mechanisms through which insulin resistance compromises retinal integrity, leading to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and photoreceptor damage. The disturbed sleep can also affect the melatonin secretion, thereby affecting insulin resistance. We preliminarily have named the nexus as retinal diabetopathy. By elucidating the impact of intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation on cellular signaling and metabolism, particularly in vital organs such as muscles, liver, fat, and pancreas, the article provides a comprehensive understanding of how prevalent sleep disturbances and retinal changes contribute to the development and progression of T2DM. Overall, this research underscores the importance of addressing sleep disorders in the prevention and management of metabolic disorders.

Srinivasan Parthasarathy

V. S. Vasanthkumar

R. Balaji

Retinal Diabetopathy? Sleep Disorders, Retinal Changes, and Insulin Resistance: A Synthesized Systematic Review

视网膜糖尿病病变？睡眠障碍、视网膜变化与胰岛素抵抗：一项综合系统综述

A BSTRACT Background: There are about a billion smokers in the world, 80% of whom are from developing countries, and also the World Health Organization stated that smoking is considered a global health problem. Jordan is one of the countries with the highest rates of tobacco smoking in the world. However, interventions related to tobacco use, which can reduce diseases resulting from or associated with smoking and thus reduce health-care costs, are still rare in Jordan. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward smoking cessation (SC) and to identify the most important barriers they face in providing SC counseling in community pharmacies in Alkarak, Jordan. Materials and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design based on a descriptive approach and included community pharmacies in April 2021. Data were collected from 199 participating pharmacists on duty in 76 pharmacies. A structured, reliable, English-language, and valid questionnaire was used to collect data consisting of five parts. The questionnaire included pharmacists’ sociodemographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices, as well as barriers associated with SC services. The data and differences in participants’ responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics SPSS version 19, analysis of variance, and the confidence level was 80%. Results: One hundred and ninety-nine pharmacists completed the survey. The mean age of the pharmacists was 30.05 ± 7.15 years. Eighty-one percent of participating pharmacists had high knowledge regarding SC and SC products, and 80% of them agreed that it was their responsibility to advise smoking patients regarding SC. Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between attitude and practice. Conclusions: Our study concluded from the overall findings that pharmacists generally have the knowledge and attitudes required to play an important role in counseling patients about SC. Community pharmacists in Alkarak, Jordan, generally expressed positive attitudes regarding tobacco cessation counseling. We recommend opening the way for researchers to pay attention to this topic and publish many researches on the impact of educational training programs for pharmacy students by raising their level of knowledge about SC.

Nedal Awad Alnawaiseh

Reem Sager Al-Hroub

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Perceived Barriers toward Smoking Cessation among Community Pharmacists Services in Al-Karak Governorate

知识、态度、实践及对戒烟的感知障碍：Al-Karak省社区药剂师服务中的情况

A BSTRACT This review explores the potential benefits of using Boswellia serrata , also known as Indian frankincense, as a therapeutic agent for treating periodontal disease. Periodontal disease, characterized by inflammation and damage to the tissues supporting the teeth, presents a significant challenge in dental care. Research has indicated that B. serrata possesses anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, which could be beneficial in alleviating the symptoms associated with periodontal disease. Studies have shown promising results regarding the efficacy of B. serrata in managing periodontal disease. However, further investigation is required to determine the optimal dosage, treatment duration, and long-term effects of B. serrata in periodontal therapy. Large-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate its effectiveness and safety in diverse patient populations. In conclusion, B. serrata holds promise as a potential therapeutic approach for managing periodontal disease. Continued research in this area may lead to the development of novel treatment strategies that can improve the outcomes for individuals suffering from periodontal diseases.

Prerna Ubale

Sangamithra Sidharthan

Riddhi Lodha

Dharmarajan Gopalakrishnan

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Boswellia serrata in Periodontal Disease Management: A Comprehensive Review

探索乳香在牙周病管理中的治疗潜力：综合综述

A BSTRACT Context: Chronotherapeutic delivery of antihypertensives plays a potential role in the treatment by providing a therapeutic amount of drug at the target site in the body. Sacubitril–valsartan (SV), an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, has been indicated for the treatment of hypertension. The study explores the formulation and evaluation of compression-coated tablets (CCTs) of SV using a natural super disintegrant in the core tablet for chronotherapeutic drug delivery. Aim and Objective: The main objective of the current investigation is to study the applicability of groundnut shell powder (GSP) as super disintegrant and its role in chronotherapeutic drug delivery. Materials and Methods: Core tablets of SV were prepared using different concentrations of natural excipient (GSP) and compression coated. The CCT was evaluated for the postcompression tableting properties, in vitro drug release, Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR), and stability studies and compared the disintegrating property with a synthetic excipient (crospovidone). Results: The results of the in vitro dissolution performance of core tablets indicated that the incorporation of GSP as a super disintegrant significantly reduced the disintegration time. Optimized core tablets were subjected to compression coating using a graded concentration of cellulose acetate phthalate as coating polymer and evaluated tableting properties and dissolution performance. Among all the formulations, CCT5 with 8% GSP in the core, coated with 300 mg coating polymer shown 6 h lag time followed by the rapid release of the drug within 1 h. Accelerated stability studies on optimized formulation revealed that there were no significant changes in the tableting parameters after storage indicating the stability of the formulation. Conclusion: The use of natural disintegrant in the core tablet offers a promising approach for rapid release of drug from CCT after a lag time of 6 h to achieve chronotherapy of SV.

Rajeswari Aleti

Monika Nijhawan

Sailaja Gunnam

Mohammad Bakhatwar

Pavan Kumar Thota

Krishna Kishore Adireddy

Srinivasa Rao Baratam

Investigation of Groundnut Shell Powder as Potential Super Disintegrant in Chronotherapeutic Delivery of Sacubitril–valsartan

花生壳粉作为沙库巴曲-缬沙坦时辰疗法中潜在超级崩解剂的研究

A BSTRACT Background: Frozen section (FS) is an important diagnostic tool for intraoperative decision-making. Audit of FS is an integral aspect of qualitative measure of pathology services. The aim of the study was to correlate FS diagnosis with final diagnosis and study diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted for a period of 12 months from July 1, 2021, to June 31, 2022, at a tertiary care center. A total of 122 consecutive frozen cases were studied retrospectively. The FS and corresponding formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue section with their final histopathological examination reports were studied and analyzed. The results were analyzed as concordant and discordant rates, which were compared with other similar studies. Reasons for discordance were discussed. Results: The patients were in the age range of 3 months to 87 years with a male:female ratio of 1.1:1. The turnaround time from receipt of sample to release of frozen report ranged from 10 to 40 min (average = 20 min). Indications of FS were for primary diagnosis of lesion ( n = 66), resection margin assessment ( n = 41), lymph node assessment ( n = 12), and assessment of donor liver tissue ( n = 3). Maximum number of specimens were from the surgery department, and the most commonly sampled site was oral cavity. The concordance and discordance rates were 95.90% and 4.10%, respectively. Conclusion: Intraoperative FS diagnosis aids in proper surgical decision-making and management. Periodic audit of FS and analysis of discrepancies is important to avoid mistakes in FS diagnosis.

短名
Journal Impact	0.38
国际分区	PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY(Q4)

涉及主题	医学生物化学内科学生物化学有机化学遗传学心理学病理药理学物理内分泌学精神科色谱法数学工程类
出版信息	出版商: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2011，原创研究文献占比: 89.19%，自引率:50.00%， Gold OA占比: 97.71%

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care

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Mining of small interacting ligands with cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4

A systematic overview of bexagliflozin: A type 2 diabetic drug

Retinal Diabetopathy? Sleep Disorders, Retinal Changes, and Insulin Resistance: A Synthesized Systematic Review

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Perceived Barriers toward Smoking Cessation among Community Pharmacists Services in Al-Karak Governorate

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Boswellia serrata in Periodontal Disease Management: A Comprehensive Review

Retinal Diabetopathy? Sleep Disorders, Retinal Changes, and Insulin Resistance: A Synthesized Systematic Review

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Perceived Barriers toward Smoking Cessation among Community Pharmacists Services in Al-Karak Governorate

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Boswellia serrata in Periodontal Disease Management: A Comprehensive Review

Investigation of Groundnut Shell Powder as Potential Super Disintegrant in Chronotherapeutic Delivery of Sacubitril–valsartan

An Audit of Intraoperative Frozen Section at a Tertiary Care Center