The journal will cover technical and clinical studies related to health, ethical and social issues in field of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Articles with clinical interest and implications will be given preference.

The Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction will cover technical and clinical studies related to health, ethical, and social issues in the field of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Articles with clinical interest and implications will be given preference.

《Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction》期刊将涵盖与妇产科领域相关的健康、伦理和社会问题的技术性和临床研究。我们优先考虑具有临床兴趣和影响的文章。

Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction

Objective: To present an overview of the adverse effects of water pipe smoking on various aspects of reproduction and perinatal complications, covering all the most relevant studies, from descriptive findings to clinical trials. Methods: We reviewed the literature and included full publications in English provided by international biomedical databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library over the last 38 years (May 1985 to June 2023). Search terms (Water pipe, Narghile, Shisha, Dokha, etc., and Reproduction, Fertility, etc. ) were adopted from Medical Subheading (MeSH) and Boolean operators were utilized to improve sensitivity. Results: 133 Papers were identified in the initial search, of which 29 were excluded due to duplication. Eliminating search overlap and irrelevant records by reviewing titles and abstracts reduced 42 papers. 62 Full-publication articles met the inclusion criteria. We summarized the effects of waterpipe smoke exposure on reproductive health based on three main categories: male and female fertility, fetal and neonatal outcomes, and pregnancy complications. Conclusions: Water pipe smoking has potential adverse effects on different aspects of human reproductive health, including semen parameters, male and female fertility, and fetal and neonatal health, and contributes to many maternal complications and morbidities.

Sahar Rostami

Farzane Fereidouni

Arezoo Maleki-Hajiagha

Mohadese Motaharinejad

Somayye Majidi

Fardin Amidi

Reproductive outcomes of water pipe smoking: A scoping review

水烟吸烟的生殖结局：范围综述

Objective: To assess whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine affects sperm morphokinetics using a computer-assisted semen analyzer and other semen parameters using a sperm chromatin structure assay. Methods: Healthy male volunteers in two Japanese clinics between May 2021 and December 2021 were prospectively analyzed. Participants donated sperm twice, two days apart, in the following phases: before vaccination, 2 weeks after the first vaccine dose, and 2, 4, and 12 weeks after the second dose. Basic sperm parameters, sperm motility characteristics, and the percentage of DNA-damaged sperm were compared among the different phases. Results: Ninety-six semen samples from ten volunteers, who were vaccinated with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, were evaluated. There were no significant differences between any phases in basic semen findings and parameters of the sperm chromatin structure assays. Regarding sperm motion characteristics, the average linear velocity, beat-cross frequency, and sperm motility index significantly decreased after the second vaccine dose ( P =0.018, P =0.003, and P =0.027, respectively), with no significant differences between any two phases by post-hoc pairwise comparisons. Conclusions: After COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, while sperm motion characteristics might fluctuate, no apparent deterioration of basic sperm parameters or sperm DNA integrity was observed. Given the adverse effects of COVID-19 on sperm, our findings suggest that there might be no reason to refrain from vaccination for healthy individuals.

Yasuhiro Ohara

Shimpei Mizuta

Hidehiko Matsubayashi

Tomomoto Ishikawa

Tsuyoshi Takiuchi

Tadashi Kimura

Effect of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine on sperm morphokinetics and DNA integrity

BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19疫苗对精子形态动力学及DNA完整性的影响

Objective: To compare the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-producing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PBMCs activated by hCG in vitro and expressions of related immune genes in mouse implantation. Methods: hCG-producing PBMCs (transfected PBMC) and PBMCs activated by hCG in vitro were introduced into isolated mouse endometrial cells, while cell cultures were divided into four groups: the control, PBMC, transfected, and activated PBMC groups. The expression of studied genes ( IL-lβ, IL-6, Lif , and Vegf ) was evaluated and blastocyst attachment on the cocultured cells (isolated endometrial cells and PBMC cells) was monitored in all four groups. Results: Data showed that expression decreased in the PBMC group compared to the treated PBMC (transfected and activated PBMCs) and increased in transfected PBMC compared to the activated PBMC. Attachment and migration of blastocysts were dramatically enhanced in the transfected PBMC group compared to the activated PBMC group ( P &lt;0.05). Conclusions: Use of hCG-producing PBMCs (transfected PBMC) has more influence on endometrial receptivity.

Delsuz Rezaee

Mojgan Bandehpour

Bahram Kazemi

Saiyad Bastaminejad

Sajad Najafi

Mohammad Salehi

Cytokine changes and embryo attachment in mouse endometrial cells following treated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) expressing ectopic hCG, and hCG–activated PBMCs

细胞因子变化及胚胎附着于经表达异位hCG的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)及hCG激活的PBMCs处理的小鼠子宫内膜细胞

Objective: To elucidate the possible role of unfractionated heparin in patients with failed repeated in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and thrombophilia. Methods: This case control study evaluated the efficacy of the unfractionated heparin in increasing the pregnancy and implantation ratio in women with recurrent IVF-ET failures. Eighty-six women received in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) with a record of three or more previous IVF-ET failures. Participants were randomly distributed into two groups. Group A ( n =43) received unfractionated heparin 5 000 IU twice daily, and group B ( n =43) did not take any antithrombotic drugs. Coagulation abnormalities such as factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation, methylene tetra hydro folate reductase (MTHFR) mutation and prothrombin mutation (FII) were evaluated. Age, body mass index, basal follicular stimulating hormone, basal estradiol, duration of infertility, and number of IVF-ET failures were compared between two groups. Results: 45.0% and 17.4% of women were pregnant with and without MTHFR and prothrombin mutation, respectively, when they received unfractionated heparin treatment. The implantation rate was more in group A (12.5%) than group B (4.3%) and differences in the fertilization rate of the two groups were observed (27.7% vs . 35.9%). The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was remarkably more in group A (30.2%) than group B (14.0%). Conclusions: Heparin is a safe and valuable treatment for patients with repeated IVF-ET failures. The clinical pregnancy and implantation rates are higher in the heparin-treated group in contrast with the control group. Trial registration: The trial registration was done with clinical registration number of “ IRCT138807202575N1”.

Maryam Shirmohamadi

Mehri Mashayekhy

Iraj Alipourfard

Javad Fazeli

Nasrin Ghasemi

Effect of heparin on recurrent IVF-ET failure patients

肝素对反复体外受精-胚胎移植失败患者的影响

Objective: To investigate and analyze the prevalence and risk factors of infertility in a Mongolian population. Methods: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study between September 2016 and November 2021. Our study population of 1919 participants consisted of residents of Ulaanbaatar city and four regions of Mongolia. A pretested standardized and structured questionnaire was used to gather data from the participants. Our questionnaire comprised categories influencing infertility, such as socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, health, reproductive history, present status, and sexual function. In addition, trained staff conducted face-to-face interviews with the participants. Results: Our study showed an infertility incidence of 8.2%, with primary infertility at 2.76% and secondary infertility at 5.47%. Compared with the urban area of Ulaanbaatar, the prevalence of infertility was significantly higher amongst the rural population ( P &lt;0.001). Risk factors of infertility included advanced age (35-39 years, OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.99-6.55; &gt;40 years, OR 2.1, 95% CI 2.62-8.55), living rural region ( aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.62-3.69), alcohol consumption ( aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.11-2.44), chronic diseases ( aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.20-2.38), reproductive disease ( aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.86-3.88), gynecological operative history ( aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.38-3.21), ovarian cyst ( aOR 4.2, 95% CI 2.70-6.40), gonorrhea ( aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.01-6.16), non-malignant uterine cancer ( aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.40-6.70), and endometriosis ( aOR 4.7, 95% CI 1.41-15.62). Conclusions: In Mongolia, the average infertility rate is 8.2%, similar to the average worldwide and is significantly higher in rural communities. Our study shows the most significant risk factors for infertility are age, alcohol consumption, and rural living. In addition, an unfavorable gynecological history and some diseases also pose a risk to fertility.

Tuvshinbayar Negdel

Arigbukh Enkhbat

Badrakh Munkhbayar

Khantushig Bilegsuren

Ariunaa Ganbold

Khuderchuluun Nanjid

Carol W Readhead

Lkhagva-Ochir Erkhembaatar

Erkhembaatar Tuduvdorj

Munkhzol Malchinkhuu

Odkhuu Enkhtaivan

Prevalence and risk factors of infertility in a Mongolian population

蒙古族人群中不孕症的流行率及危险因素

Objective: To investigate the potential of N -acetylcysteine (NAC) and zinc sulphate (ZnSO 4 ) in mitigating reproductive dysfunction caused by di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in rats and to understand the underlying mechanisms, specifically oxidative stress and sex hormone receptor activity. Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five equal groups ( n =7 per group). Group 1 was administered 0.5 mL of distilled water and served as the control group. Group 2 was given only DEHP (750 mg/kg/day), while group 3, 4 and 5 were given DEHP (750 mg/kg/day) plus NAC (100 mg/kg/day), DEHP (750 mg/kg/day) plus ZnSO 4 (0.5 mg/kg/day), and DEHP (750 mg/kg/day) plus NAC (100 mg/kg/day) as well as ZnSO 4 (0.5 mg/kg/day), respectively. All treatments lasted for 21 days. Samples were obtained after the rats were sacrificed, and hormones levels in the serum and markers of oxidative stress in the testicles were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The amount of androgen receptors in the testicles was determined by immunohistochemistry, and the susceptibility of testosterone and DEHP to bind to androgen receptor and 5α-reductase was determined by molecular docking studies. Results: DEHP decreased reproductive hormones, testicular antioxidant enzymes, increased malondialdehyde levels, and negatively impacted histology of the pituitary and testes. NAC or ZnSO 4 treatment showed a marked improvement in testicular antioxidant status and hormone levels, as well as a positive effect on the histology of the pituitary and testes. The combination of both treatments appeared to be more effective. The affinity of DEHP to bind to androgen receptors may lead to disruption of androgen receptor signaling, which can further result in dysfunction of hormones related to androgen. However, NAC is more likely to form stronger binding interactions with follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone receptors, as well as gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors, when compared to DEHP. Conclusions: The possibility that NAC and ZnSO 4 could downregulate DEHP-induced sex hormone changes is suggested by their potential to reduce toxicity.

Victor Oghenekparobo Emojevwe

Mega Obukohwo Oyovwi

Kayode Ezekiel Adewole

Peggy Ejiro Ohwin

Adeniran Oluwadamilare Akinola

Alexander Obidike Naiho

Eze Kingsley Nwangwa

Victor Omo-Idonije

Motunrayo Lade-Ige

Benneth Ben-Azu

N-acetylcysteine and zinc sulphate abate di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate-mediated reproductive dysfunction in rats: Focus on oxidative and sex hormone receptors mechanisms

N-乙酰半胱氨酸和硫酸锌减轻二（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯诱导的大鼠生殖功能障碍：聚焦氧化应激和性激素受体机制

The reproductive performance of female chickens is critical for determining the efficiency of production and productivity and thus profitability. Studies have shown that the reproductive performance of female chickens is mainly regulated by the feed, hormones, genes, and light conditions. Herein, we review the major factors regulating female chicken reproductive performance and assess the reproductive organs and their functions. In the current review, we highlight how the interconnections of hormones, candidate genes, and photo-stimulation regulate female chicken reproductive hormones and thus regulate the reproductive organ performance. In this regard, the roles of main hormones [gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) and genes (GnRH-I)] in regulating sexual maturation and ovarian development and maintenance by influencing the survival and function of follicular granulosa cells were also reviewed. In addition, the current review also highlights how feeding female chickens with diets and artificial light-emitting diodes (LEDs) support the effective functioning of their reproductive capacity through the stimulation of sexual maturity at an appropriate age and regeneration of aged reproductive organs.

Debela Bayu Derese

Lizhi Lu

Fangxiong Shi

Major regulatory factors for reproductive performances of female chickens

雌性鸡繁殖性能的主要调控因子

Objective: To conduct changes in sexual activity during pregnancy and its related factors in pregnant women. Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 on pregnant women who referred to the women's clinic of Afzalipour Hospital in the southeast of Iran. Participants were included in the study through convenient sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts of personal social information of the couple and questions to measure the level of sexual activity and the attitude of the subjects during pregnancy compared to before pregnancy. Results: 201 Pregnant women were included. The average age of pregnant women was (27.3±6.1) years and their average gestational age was (24.7±11.8) years. More than 62% of women had decreased sexual activity. There was a significant relationship between the amount of changes in sexual activity and delivery time ( P =0.013), abortion history ( P =0.001) and premature birth history ( P =0.002). Most pregnant women believed that sex during pregnancy caused damage to the fetus (67.7%). A decrease in the intensity of sexual desire was reported in 63% of pregnant women. More than 60% of the subjects did not consult with doctors and midwives with regards to sexual issues (63.5%). The most common reason for not consulting was not feeling the need (32%). Most women experienced back pain during (42.8%) and after (39.8%) intercourse. Conclusions: Changes in sex life during pregnancy are often caused by the lack of sexual knowledge and the increase in misconceptions among couples, which can affect the quality of relationships. The role of education is essential. Therefore, it is suggested that by including sexual counseling along with pregnancy care, wrong beliefs and information among women will be corrected.

Ghazal Mansouri

Mina Zakeri

Fatemeh Karami Robati

Leila Allahqoli

Azam Dehghani

Changes in sexual activity in young women during pregnancy

年轻女性在怀孕期间性活动变化

Objective: To investigate the length of time required to resolve COVID-19 effects on semen quality and DNA integrity. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 42 men who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and underwent semen analysis at baseline and four months’ post-recovery. Semen samples were collected and evaluated for macroscopic and microscopic parameters, sperm chromatin maturation, and DNA fragmentation. Results: The mean age of participants was 37(±7) years, and 14% had normozoospermia at baseline. After a four-month recovery from COVID-19, 48% of patients had normozoospermia. Sperm count, motility, and morphology increased significantly, while sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm chromatin maturation decreased significantly post-recovery from COVID-19. Conclusions: Sperm parameters improve after a four-month recovery from COVID-19. The findings indicate significant improvements in sperm count, motility, morphology, DNA fragmentation, and chromatin maturation after a four-month recovery period.

Marzieh Derakhshan

Maryam Derakhshan

Elham Naghshineh

Minoo Movahedi

Hatav Ghasemi-Tehrani

Fatemeh Bamarinejad

Atefeh Bamarinejad

Zeinab Omidvar

Resolution of sperm quality impairment following SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective study

SARS-CoV-2感染后精子质量损害的恢复：一项前瞻性研究

Objective: To determine the relationship between the early embryo viability assessment (EEVA) and blastocyst morphological parameters and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 291 intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles including 2 522 embryos with indications of prolonging embryo culture to the blastocyst stage in the Genea embryo review incubator, and 511 single vitrified- warmed blastocyst transfer cycles from January 2020 to June 2023. The EEVA system produced an EEVA score from E1 (best) to E5 (worse) for the potential of blastocyst formation. Blastocyst morphology was evaluated. The association between the EEVA score and each type of blastocyst morphology, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy were assessed using generalized estimating equations. Results: The inner cell mass A (ICM A), trophectoderm A (TE A), blastocoele expansion degree of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 rates were higher with lower the EEVA score. The adjusted odd ratio (aOR) (E5 vs E1) was 0.3 for ICM A, 0.174 for TE A and 0.210 for BL3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (all P &lt;0.001), suggesting a significant association between lower EEVA scores and improved embryo quality. The implantation, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy rate were also higher with lower the EEVA score. The aOR of E5 vs E1 was 0.245 for implantation, 0.185 for clinical pregnancy and 0.200 for ongoing pregnancy rate ( P &lt;0.001). Conclusions: There were associations between blastocyst morphology, pregnancy outcome and EEVA scores. The good blastocyst morphology and pregnancy outcomes are higher with lower the EEVA score.

Vu D Hop

An M Cuong

Phi T T Anh

Nguyen T L Huong

Le Hoang

Nguyen V Hanh

Clinical validation of the early embryo viability assessment system: Analysis for the blastocyst morphology and pregnancy outcomes

早期胚胎存活评估系统的临床验证：囊胚形态与妊娠结局分析

短名	Asian Pac. J. Reprod.
Journal Impact	0.44
国际分区	REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY(Q4)

ISSN	2305-0500, 2305-0519
h-index	27

涉及主题	生物医学遗传学内科学化学生物化学内分泌学男科怀孕植物细胞生物学病理妇科有机化学解剖精子物理渔业
出版信息	出版商: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 是
基本数据	创刊年份: 2012，原创研究文献占比: 0.00%，自引率:0.00%， Gold OA占比: 92.73%
平均审稿周期	27 weeks

Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction

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