Advancements in Life Sciences

Background: Congenital gastrointestinal malformation (CGIM) cases require immediate surgical correction after birth and proper nutrition to meet energy demands. Among the macronutrients, lipids are considered the major energy source, playing a vital role in parenteral nutrition. However, the time of their initiation remains unclear. We compared the data of CGIM cases where lipids were given from the first post-surgical day to those where parenteral lipids were initiated on the second or third day of surgery and then reevaluated them on the seventh day of parenteral nutrition.Methods: We collected the data of patients who had undergone surgical correction for CGIM and were kept on parenteral nutrition including lipids from day 1 of surgery labeling them as group 1. Group 2 comprised of neonates having lipid parenteral nutrition started from day 2 or 3 of surgery. Both groups were reevaluated on the 7th day of parenteral nutrition. Statistical analysis was performed.Results: Group 1 had higher total bilirubin (TB) statistically significant (p-value=0.0299), as well as lower lipase (p-value=0.0286), and lower total lipids (p-value=0.0365). The values were lower of triglycerides (p-value=0.0365), and total lipids (p-value=0.0365), on day 1. Comparing both groups, all biochemical parameters were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion: Lipid deficiency and overload should be carefully evaluated, especially in neonates having undergone recent surgical interventions, which increase their nutritional demands. No adverse effects were seen in our study related to parenteral lipid emulsion administration in post-surgical congenital gastrointestinal malformation cases. Early initiation of parenteral lipid regimens can provide better outcomes.Keywords: Congenital gastrointestinal malformations; Intravenous lipid emulsions; Parenteral nutrition; Gestational age; Milk formula

Timea Brandibur

Aniko Maria Maria

Marioara Boia

Daniel-Dumitru Nisulescu

Alexandru Blidisel

Nilima Rajpal Kundnani

Marius Calin Popoiu

Parenteral lipid nutrition in congenital gastrointestinal malformation operated cases

先天性胃肠道畸形手术病例的肠外脂质营养

Background: Today, one of the most effective ways to increase the digestibility of nutrients is extrusion processing. Raw materials are exposed to high temperatures and pressure, which leads to qualitative and nutritional transformations. The study aims to identify the effect of extruded compound feeds on cow productivity and the qualitative composition of milk.Methods: Based on the chemical analysis of milk, the following indicators were studied: fat mass fraction, protein mass fraction, casein, lactose, dry matter, skimmed milk residue, urea, density, titrated acidity, active acidity, and somatic cells. An organoleptic evaluation of milk was carried out according to the following indicators: color, smell, taste, appearance, and consistency. Once a month, a control milking was carried out to account for productivity.Results: The EG's raw milk had higher casein and lactose content compared to the CG, with EG II showing the highest levels. Additionally, milk from the EG contained more solids, indicating better nutritional and technological properties, with solid content being 3.8-5.7% higher than in the CG.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it was found that milk productivity had increased by 10-20%, the fat mass fraction by 7-10%, the protein mass fraction by 5.1-6.5%, the amount of dry matter by 3.8-5.7%, and lactose by 1.1-4.3%.Keywords: Extruded Compound Feeds; Milk Productivity; Black-And-White Breed; Fat; Protein

R.A. Zhaxalykov

K.N. Bayazitova

A.I. Polyak

L.N. Kassymbekova

R. Mustafina

M.V. Zabolotnykh

Veterinary and sanitary assessment of milk quality in black-and-white cows fed with extruded compound feeds in North Kazakhstan

北哈萨克斯坦地区饲喂膨化配合饲料的黑白花牛乳品质的兽医卫生评价

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory small intestine autoimmune disease. The study aims to investigate the association and the detection of ATG5 polymorphism between celiac disease (CD) and H. pylori infection, and the association with Interleukin-33 (IL-33).Methods: The study groups included patients from Iraq, ages 4 to 35. Two primary patient groups were created: sixteen had positive H. pylori and celiac disease, and thirty had positive CD and negative H. pylori disease. The levels of tissue transglutaminase IgA (TTG IgA), H. pylori IgG, and IL-33 were measured using the ELISA method. The primers were amplified using PCR.Results: With celiac disease, the patient group's TTG IgA levels increased dramatically. The test also showed significant variations (P=0.054) in the H. pylori IgG levels between the patient and control groups. The H. pylori seropositivity test showed a statistically significant difference (p ≤0.033) between seropositive and seronegative individuals, while the patient group's IL-33 levels did not significantly differ (P ≤0.299) from the control group.Conclusions: Our results showed that CD is more common in women and occurs in the age range of 24-35 years. It also showed that the mutant variant of ATG5 is associated with CD, and the significance of H. pylori IgG serum levels in the patient group may indicate that the bacteria involved in CD. Furthermore, H. pylori infection is more strongly linked to serum IL-33 levels than CD.Keywords: Celiac disease; H. pylori; PCR; IL-33; ATG5 polymorphism

Omar Atrooz

Sura Mumtaz

Ahmed Abood

Ansam Atrooz

Association of Celiac Disease and H. pylori Infection with ATG5 Polymorphism and Interleukin-33

乳糜泻与幽门螺杆菌感染与ATG5多态性和白细胞介素-33的关联

Background: Antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacteria are rapidly spreading worldwide, posing a serious threat to antibiotic efficacy. Bacterial infections have emerged as a persistent threat following decades of antibiotic use. Sulfhydryl variable (SHV) is a well-known bacterial enzyme linked to AR. SHV has a high degree of genetic diversity, resulting in the existence of numerous distinct variants. Methods: The PyRx AutoDock VINA was used to conduct in-silico screening of a natural compound library to assess their interaction with the SHV-1 protein. SwissADME web tools were used to predict the physicochemical, drug-likeness, and ADMET properties of the selected compounds.Result: The compounds PSCdb00708, PSCdb00149, PSCdb00698, and PSCdb00175 bind strongly to the SHV-1 protein and interact strongly with the SHV-1 active site residues, as well as having several amino acid residue interactions in common with avibactam. These compounds exhibited higher binding affinity values than avibactam. Furthermore, these compounds demonstrated no violation of drug-likeness.Conclusion: The compounds PSCdb00708, PSCdb00149, PSCdb00698, and PSCdb00175 can be employed as SHV-1 inhibitors in the management of AR. However, experimental validation is required to optimize them as SHV-1 inhibitors.Keywords: Antibiotic-resistant; Antibiotic; Virtual screening; AutoDock; SHV-1 protein

Farah Anjum

Hamsa Jameel Banjer

Nahed Hawsawi

Fouzeyyah Ali Alsaeedi

Ahad Amer Alsaiari

Afaf Alharthi

Abdulraheem Ali Almalki

Maram Jameel Hulbah

Norah Alharthi

Alaa Shafie

Maha Bakhuraysah

Exploring Natural Compounds Targeting the Bacterial SHV Protein to Combat Antibiotic Resistance: A Biocomputational Study

探索靶向细菌SHV蛋白的天然化合物以对抗抗生素耐药性：一项生物计算研究

Background: The type II toxin-antitoxin system consists of tightly linked genetic units that produce a toxin and its specific antitoxin. Under typical circumstances, the antitoxin neutralizes the toxic effects caused by the toxin. However, the toxin-antitoxin systems during stress regulate bacterial growth and persistence by affecting translation or DNA replication. This study aimed to assess how variations in temperature and pH stress influence the regulation of type II toxin-antitoxin gene expression within Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.Methods: Sixty-five Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were identified by the VITEK®2 compact system and confirmed identity by Polymerase Chain Reaction assay by amplified rpoB gene (Housekeeping gene). The isolates were subjected to Reverse Transcriptase-polymerase chain Reaction assay to determine the transcriptional variations of the type II toxin-antitoxin system genes at diverse temperature and pH values.Results: The results of the current study demonstrated higher expression levels of the antitoxin hipB gene at (37℃, 30℃, 44℃, pH 7, pH 9), mqsR toxin gene at (37℃, 30℃, pH 7, pH 5, pH 11) and relE toxin gene at (pH 5, pH 11).Conclusion: These findings suggest the possible influence of pH and temperature on toxin-antitoxin systems, which might enhance bacterial antibiotic tolerance and persistence.Keywords: Toxin-antitoxin systems; pH stress; Temperature stress; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Gene expression; Reverse Transcriptase PCR

Fatima J. Hassan

Mohammed F. Al-Marjani

Intesar N. Khelkal

Influence of diverse pH and temperatures on the gene expression of toxin-antitoxin systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae

不同pH和温度对肺炎克雷伯菌毒素-抗毒素系统基因表达的影响

Background: It is known that structural elements like the ‘blood-testis barrier’ (BTB) and local &amp; systemic tolerance mechanisms help to maintain testicular homeostasis, which shields germ cells and mature sperms from immune attack. Any damage to this barrier could result in immune attack and may cause infertility.Methods: The most important goal of this study was to find the vital connection between male infertility and immunological factors (CXCL12 and anti-sperm antibody). During the months of October 2021 and July 2022, a total of 144 samples were taken from patients who sought to have infertility tested. Semen and blood samples were taken from the subjects to assess seminal plasma CXCL12 levels and the prevalence of anti-sperm antibody (ASA) in their serum. Alternatively, research on sperm function parameters, sperm agglutination risk, and its relationship to ASA and CXCL12.Result: statistically there was no ‘significant’ difference in CXCL12 levels across study groups in this investigation. The prevalence of sperm agglutination was 23.61% across all patients under study, the majority of whom had asthenozoospermia. In contrast, 60% of the samples from ASA-positive patients were agglutinated. The results revealed a relatively weak positive link that may call for additional research even if there was no significant statistical correlation in the relationship between CXCL12 and sperm functions and ASA.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that ASA affects seminal fluid parameters, which in turn affects male fertility, and that a weak, non-significant association between CXCL12 and sperm function could impair sperm function by reducing sperm motility. Sperm agglutination could be a sign of immunological infertility. ASA can impact male fertility in a number of ways. Others had to do with sperm agglutination. Keywords: CXCL12; Anti-sperm antibody; ASA; Sperm agglutination; Sperm function

Fahad Dhamin Oleiwi

Mousa J. Mohammed

Chatin I. Ali

The Relationship of CXCL12 with Sperm Agglutination and Anti-Sperm Antibody Among Infertile Men

CXCL12与不育男性精子凝集及抗精子抗体的关系

Background: Sorbitol is an artificial sweetener that is very similar to natural sugar, but it is sweeter than natural sugar and lower in calories. Sorbitol is used as an alternative to natural sugar, and it is extracted from regular glucose. It does not have any negative effects on the animals’ health, and it is characterized in safe use in many scientific experiments for the diet of humans and animals.Methods: This study was conducted in the animal house, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University for a period of 90 days. Forty rats of the Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly distributed into 4 groups, namely the first group (control group) while the second, third and fourth groups were treated with 100, 200 and 300 μg of sorbitol/kg of body weight .The rats were iso in live weight and age at the beginning of the experiment. Blood samples were drawn at the end of the experimental period. Results: Increase in level dose of sorbitol resulted significant improvement in accounts of red blood cells, white blood cells, and a significant increase in level of hemoglobin, lymphocytes, and monocytes for second, third, and fourth groups compared to the control group. Moreover, the significant improvement in most of the blood parameters was reflected to significant increase in clotting and bleeding time in the second, third and fourth groups of rats compared to the control group. Also, the results showed a significant increase in the levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, Inhibin and MAD hormones for the second, third and fourth groups compared to the control group.Conclusions: The results of the current study revealed that sorbitol has many benefits in the diet of humans and animals and has an effect on blood indicators, some sex hormones and antioxidants in the body. It is recommended not to consume excessive sorbitol in the diet.Keywords: Sorbitol; Hematological parameters; FSH; LH; Wistar rats

Zahraa H.K. Al-Moussawi

Mozhir K.K. Almahdawi

Abdul Sattar S.S. Al-Bayati

Impact of varying sorbitol concentrations on hematological and biochemical blood parameters in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

不同山梨醇浓度对Wistar大鼠（Rattus norvegicus）血液学和生化参数的影响

WHIM syndrome (WHIMS) is an extremely rare, severe, and potentially fatal genetic condition that affects the immune system, leading to warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM). Effective therapy for WHIMS requires regular monitoring, medical intervention, and a collaborative approach to treatment. Due to the limited therapeutic options, addressing WHIMS is an unmet medical need. The United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) recently granted approval for mavorixafor as the first treatment for WHIMS. This review focuses on the pharmacological characteristics, clinical investigations, associated inventions, and prospects of mavorixafor. The literature for this article was searched on PubMed, reputable websites (USFDA and X4 Pharmaceuticals) and free patent databases like Espacenet. WHIMS is distinguished by severe neutropenia and hypogammaglobulinemia, which increases the risk of developing cancer. Mavorixafor enhances the movement of neutrophils and lymphocytes from the bone marrow (BM) to the bloodstream. Hence, it could be beneficial for managing medical illnesses characterized by a decrease in the quantity of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the bloodstream. X4 Pharmaceuticals has submitted patent applications for the utilization of mavorixafor in the treatment of diverse cancer types, inflammatory ailments, B-cell dysfunction, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and primary immunodeficiency disorders. This suggests that mavorixafor can effectively treat various disorders either alone or when used in conjunction with other medications. It will be intriguing to observe the future approvals of mavorixafor for various disorders.Keywords: Mavorixafor; WHIM syndrome; Cancer; Immunodeficiency; Patent; Prospect

Mohd Imran

Abdulaziz Khalaf Alshammari

Khalid Ramadan Alhamad

Majd Ahmed Alghamdi

Maryam Adnan Alghareeb

Renad Adnan Alghareeb

Omar Ibrahim Aldhafiri

Jumanah Basem Al-Humud

Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq

Abida .

Mavorixafor: A spotlight on the clinical aspects and prospects of the first USFDA-approved treatment for the primary immunodeficiency WHIM syndrome

马沃西法：首个获美国FDA批准用于原发性免疫缺陷WHIM综合征治疗的临床特点与前景

Abbreviation	Adv. Life. Sci.
Journal Impact	1.08
Quartiles(Global)	BIOLOGY(Q3)

ISSN	2310-5380
h-index	10

Publication Information	Publisher: The Running Line，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2019，Proportion of original research papers: 85.23%，Self Citation Rate:11.10%， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
Journal Fees	$450Details
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：12 Weeks

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Parenteral lipid nutrition in congenital gastrointestinal malformation operated cases

Veterinary and sanitary assessment of milk quality in black-and-white cows fed with extruded compound feeds in North Kazakhstan

Association of Celiac Disease and H. pylori Infection with ATG5 Polymorphism and Interleukin-33

Exploring Natural Compounds Targeting the Bacterial SHV Protein to Combat Antibiotic Resistance: A Biocomputational Study

Influence of diverse pH and temperatures on the gene expression of toxin-antitoxin systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Parenteral lipid nutrition in congenital gastrointestinal malformation operated cases

Influence of diverse pH and temperatures on the gene expression of toxin-antitoxin systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae

The Relationship of CXCL12 with Sperm Agglutination and Anti-Sperm Antibody Among Infertile Men

Impact of varying sorbitol concentrations on hematological and biochemical blood parameters in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Mavorixafor: A spotlight on the clinical aspects and prospects of the first USFDA-approved treatment for the primary immunodeficiency WHIM syndrome