Advances in Archaeological Practice

Abstract In Uruguay, there are records of archaeological collections at least since Darwin's visit in 1832. Since then, the role of collections and collectors has been changing in relation to official institutions, researchers, and professional archaeologists. In the years following the creation of the university degree in anthropology, during the 1980s and 1990s, academic and official speeches considered collectors one of the greatest threats to the development of the discipline in the country. Their collections were seen as useless for research, and it was argued that they had no context. New generations of archaeologists have been reversing this situation, redefining the research of archaeological collections and reviewing the relationships and interactions with nonacademic stakeholders. We present some of our experiences here, based on students’ training in this line of work, the integration of responsible and responsive collectors in the research process and site conservation, the collaborative register of archaeological sites, and the promotion of donation or conservation of collections (avoiding commercialization). We propose possible work methodologies at the national level, such as the formation of research groups, which involve the coparticipation of different stakeholders, the development of a professional code of ethics, and changes in legislation.

Rafael Suárez

Maira Malán

Elena Vallvé

Reflections to Advance the Collaborative Production of Knowledge and Protection of Archaeological Heritage in Uruguay

Abstract The use of programming languages in archaeological research has witnessed a notable surge in the last decade, particularly with R, a versatile statistical computing language that fosters the development of specialized packages. This article introduces the tesselle project ( https://www.tesselle.org/ ), a comprehensive collection of R packages tailored for archaeological research and education. The tesselle packages are centered on quantitative analysis methods specifically crafted for archaeology. They are designed to complement both general-purpose and other specialized statistical packages. These packages serve as a versatile toolbox, facilitating the exploration and analysis of common data types in archaeology—such as count data, compositional data, or chronological data—and enabling the construction of reproducible workflows. Complementary packages for visualization, data preparation, and educational resources augment the tesselle ecosystem. This article outlines the project's inception, its objectives, design principles, and key components, along with reflections on future directions.

Nicolas Frerebeau

The <i>tesselle</i> Project: A Collection of R Packages for Research and Teaching in Archaeology

《tesselle 项目：考古学研究和教学的 R 包集合》

Abstract Historical changes from shifting land use, the natural meandering of waterways, and the aftereffects of erosion complicate modern environments and obfuscate precontact landscapes. Although archaeologists can create stratified sampling models or employ systematic surveys, traditional field methodologies are often not suitable for site discovery, thereby limiting knowledge of ancient cultural landscapes. Many water systems in southern Louisiana, and in many parts of the world, have been covered or concealed in backswamps by natural geomorphological processes, development, or environmental degradation. Investigation standards that do not account for these changes will not be effective at identifying archaeological sites in such transformed landscapes. Discoveries made during ongoing archaeological research in Iberville Parish, Louisiana, provide examples of what can be missed and offer solutions through changes in archaeological field methods. This article advocates for a mixed-methodology approach, drawing from historical research and shallow geophysics to look at landforms and landscape changes. Strictly following state survey guidelines can muddle the archaeological record, particularly in places subject to significant landscape change from historical land-use alteration. By applying these approaches, we offer a way to reconstruct ancient landscapes and landforms that are culturally significant but often missed given the nature of modern environmental conditions.

Steven J. Filoromo

Emily K. Dale

Paul D. Jackson

Landscape Histories and the Search for Early Settlements along Louisiana's Bayous

路易斯安那州湾岸地区的景观历史与早期定居点的探索

Abstract We review shoreline monitoring methodologies used by members of the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) Archaeology, Geology, and Wildlife Biology teams from February 2021 to December 2022 on Pockoy Island in Charleston County, South Carolina, USA. Our project objectives were to better understand the driving forces behind the landward movement of the shoreline (transgression), to apply new understanding to the rate of shoreline erosion of the island that directly impacts the Pockoy Island Shell Ring Complex (38CH2533), and to establish best practice for future community science monitoring efforts. Each member of our team used a different shoreline monitoring methodology (a nested methodology approach). Multiple unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV)-derived orthoimagery datasets, on-the-ground transect measurements, and Arrow Gold real-time kinematic (RTK) unit measurements have been collected monthly following significant storms or king (perigean) tide events. Moving forward, the erosion transect approach tested within this project will serve as the foundation for community science monitoring at heritage at-risk sites in South Carolina. In this article, we introduce initial efforts in establishing a community science monitoring program in South Carolina that will influence future research, land management, and policy, and we propose how our research might be adapted for other sites at risk.

Meg Gaillard

Katie Luciano

Gary Sundin

Kiersten Weber

Karen Y. Smith

Testing of Shoreline Erosion Monitoring Methodologies for Heritage at Risk Sites: Pockoy Island, South Carolina, USA

遗产风险地点海岸线侵蚀监测方法的测试：美国南卡罗来纳州波科伊岛

Abstract There is an urgent need for climate change–informed decision-making and adaptation actions for cultural heritage. Challenges arise in incorporating and balancing multiple considerations, including robust understandings of climate change vulnerability, the objectives of current management paradigms, the need for meaningful engagement, the risk of maladaptation, and constrained resources to implement. We offer a conceptual framework and guide to integrate climate science and cultural heritage management to produce a range of adaptation actions for cultural heritage, categorized as A cclimate, D islocate, A bandon, P rotect, and T ell the Story (ADAPT) approaches. The ADAPT framework is intended to aid archaeologists and other cultural heritage managers in developing and evaluating possible adaptation actions that directly respond to findings from climate change vulnerability assessments, critically integrating management postures and constraints, and coproducing climate change adaptations with Indigenous rightsholders and community stakeholders.

Jeneva P. Wright

Morris Hylton

Exploring Climate Change Adaptations for Cultural Heritage: The ADAPT Framework

探索文化遗产的气候变化适应策略：ADAPT框架

Abstract Field schools are foundational training for archaeologists and the corresponding methods for instruction are largely consistent within the discipline. The expectation is that at some point early in their careers students will enroll in a field school. To participate, students must pay summer tuition, dedicate a minimum of four weeks (usually longer) to full-time fieldwork, and in many cases travel to remote locations. The reality is that for many students such expectations make field school participation an impossibility—and ultimately make archaeology a nonviable career option for students from historically underrepresented backgrounds. Offering local field opportunities within the context of a regular school year alleviates those problems. A recent field school in north Idaho demonstrated how traditional field school structure excludes many students and how archaeologists can adjust instruction to make field training more accessible to students.

Abbreviation	Adv. archaeol. pract.
Journal Impact	2.00

ISSN	2326-3768
h-index	17

Publication Information	Publisher: Cambridge University Press，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2018，Proportion of original research papers: 91.67%，Self Citation Rate:36.80%， Gold OA Rate: 61.67%

Advances in Archaeological Practice

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Reflections to Advance the Collaborative Production of Knowledge and Protection of Archaeological Heritage in Uruguay

The tesselle Project: A Collection of R Packages for Research and Teaching in Archaeology

Landscape Histories and the Search for Early Settlements along Louisiana's Bayous

Testing of Shoreline Erosion Monitoring Methodologies for Heritage at Risk Sites: Pockoy Island, South Carolina, USA

Exploring Climate Change Adaptations for Cultural Heritage: The ADAPT Framework

The tesselle Project: A Collection of R Packages for Research and Teaching in Archaeology

Landscape Histories and the Search for Early Settlements along Louisiana's Bayous

Testing of Shoreline Erosion Monitoring Methodologies for Heritage at Risk Sites: Pockoy Island, South Carolina, USA

Exploring Climate Change Adaptations for Cultural Heritage: The ADAPT Framework

Rethinking Field School Delivery and Addressing Our Biases