统计及其应用年度回顾向统计学家和统计用户介绍主要方法学进展和允许实施的计算工具。

The Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application is an annual review journal that aims to introduce major methodological advancements in the field of statistics and the computational tools that facilitate their implementation to statisticians and statistical users.

《Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application》是一本年度回顾期刊，旨在向统计学家和统计用户介绍统计学领域的主要方法学进展及其应用的计算工具。

Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application

Estimating the mortality associated with a specific mortality crisis event (for example, a pandemic, natural disaster, or conflict) is clearly an important public health undertaking. In many situations, deaths may be directly or indirectly attributable to the mortality crisis event, and both contributions may be of interest. The totality of the mortality impact on the population (direct and indirect deaths) includes the knock-on effects of the event, such as a breakdown of the health care system, or increased mortality due to shortages of resources. Unfortunately, estimating the deaths directly attributable to the event is frequently problematic. Hence, the excess mortality, defined as the difference between the observed mortality and that which would have occurred in the absence of the crisis event, is an estimation target. If the region of interest contains a functioning vital registration system, so that the mortality is fully observed and reliable, then the only modeling required is to produce the expected deaths counts, but this is a nontrivial exercise. In low- and middle-income countries it is common for there to be incomplete (or nonexistent) mortality data, and one must then use additional data and/or modeling, including predicting mortality using auxiliary variables. We describe and review each of these aspects, give examples of excess mortality studies, and provide a case study on excess mortality across states of the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Jon Wakefield

Victoria Knutson

Excess Mortality Estimation

超额死亡率估计

Infectious diseases pose a persistent challenge to public health worldwide. Recent global health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and Ebola outbreaks, have underscored the vital role of infectious disease modeling in guiding public health policy and response. Infectious disease modeling is a critical tool for society, informing risk mitigation measures, prompting timely interventions, and aiding preparedness for healthcare delivery systems. This article synthesizes the current landscape of infectious disease modeling, emphasizing the integration of statistical methods in understanding and predicting the spread of infectious diseases. We begin by examining the historical context and the foundational models that have shaped the field, such as the SIR (susceptible, infectious, recovered) and SEIR (susceptible, exposed, infectious, recovered) models. Subsequently, we delve into the methodological innovations that have arisen, including stochastic modeling, network-based approaches, and the use of big data analytics. We also explore the integration of machine learning techniques in enhancing model accuracy and responsiveness. The review identifies the challenges of parameter estimation, model validation, and the incorporation of real-time data streams. Moreover, we discuss the ethical implications of modeling, such as privacy concerns and the communication of risk. The article concludes by discussing future directions for research, highlighting the need for data integration and interdisciplinary collaboration for advancing infectious disease modeling.

Jing Huang

Jeffrey S. Morris

Infectious Disease Modeling

传染病建模

Large amounts of multidimensional data represented by multiway arrays or tensors are prevalent in modern applications across various fields such as chemometrics, genomics, physics, psychology, and signal processing. The structural complexity of such data provides vast new opportunities for modeling and analysis, but efficiently extracting information content from them, both statistically and computationally, presents unique and fundamental challenges. Addressing these challenges requires an interdisciplinary approach that brings together tools and insights from statistics, optimization, and numerical linear algebra, among other fields. Despite these hurdles, significant progress has been made in the past decade. This review seeks to examine some of the key advancements and identify common threads among them, under a number of different statistical settings.

Arnab Auddy

Dong Xia

Ming Yuan

Tensors in High-Dimensional Data Analysis: Methodological Opportunities and Theoretical Challenges

高维数据分析中的张量：方法论机遇与理论挑战

Functional data analysis (FDA) studies data that include infinite-dimensional functions or objects, generalizing traditional univariate or multivariate observations from each study unit. Among inferential approaches without parametric assumptions, empirical likelihood (EL) offers a principled method in that it extends the framework of parametric likelihood ratio–based inference via the nonparametric likelihood. There has been increasing use of EL in FDA due to its many favorable properties, including self-normalization and the data-driven shape of confidence regions. This article presents a review of EL approaches in FDA, starting with finite-dimensional features, then covering infinite-dimensional features. We contrast smooth and nonsmooth frameworks in FDA and show how EL has been incorporated into both of them. The article concludes with a discussion of some future research directions, including the possibility of applying EL to conformal inference.

Hsin-wen Chang

Ian W. McKeague

Empirical Likelihood in Functional Data Analysis

函数数据分析中的经验似然

Simulation-based methods for statistical inference have evolved dramatically over the past 50 years, keeping pace with technological advancements. The field is undergoing a new revolution as it embraces the representational capacity of neural networks, optimization libraries, and graphics processing units for learning complex mappings between data and inferential targets. The resulting tools are amortized, in the sense that, after an initial setup cost, they allow rapid inference through fast feed-forward operations. In this article we review recent progress in the context of point estimation, approximate Bayesian inference, summary-statistic construction, and likelihood approximation. We also cover software and include a simple illustration to showcase the wide array of tools available for amortized inference and the benefits they offer over Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The article concludes with an overview of relevant topics and an outlook on future research directions.

Andrew Zammit-Mangion

Matthew Sainsbury-Dale

Raphaël Huser

Neural Methods for Amortized Inference

摊销推理的神经网络方法

In recent years, there has been a growing trend of applying reinforcement learning (RL) in financial applications. This approach has shown great potential for decision-making tasks in finance. In this review, we present a comprehensive study of the applications of RL in finance and conduct a series of meta-analyses to investigate the common themes in the literature, such as the factors that most significantly affect RL's performance compared with traditional methods. Moreover, we identify challenges, including explainability, Markov decision process modeling, and robustness, that hinder the broader utilization of RL in the financial industry and discuss recent advancements in overcoming these challenges. Finally, we propose future research directions, such as benchmarking, contextual RL, multi-agent RL, and model-based RL to address these challenges and to further enhance the implementation of RL in finance.

Yahui Bai

Yuhe Gao

Runzhe Wan

Sheng Zhang

Rui Song

A Review of Reinforcement Learning in Financial Applications

金融应用中强化学习的综述

In medical studies, time-to-event outcomes such as time to death or relapse of a disease are routinely recorded along with longitudinal data that are observed intermittently during the follow-up period. For various reasons, marginal approaches to model the event time, corresponding to separate approaches for survival data/longitudinal data, tend to induce bias and lose efficiency. Instead, a joint modeling approach that brings the two types of data together can reduce or eliminate the bias and yield a more efficient estimation procedure. A well-established avenue for joint modeling is the joint likelihood approach that often produces semiparametric efficient estimators for the finite-dimensional parameter vectors in both models. Through a transformation survival model with an unspecified baseline hazard function, this review introduces joint modeling that accommodates both baseline covariates and time-varying covariates. The focus is on the major challenges faced by joint modeling and how they can be overcome. A review of available software implementations and a brief discussion of future directions of the field are also included.

短名	Annu. Rev. Stat. Appl.
Journal Impact	7.22
国际分区	STATISTICS & PROBABILITY(Q1)
期刊索引	SCI Q1中科院 1 区

ISSN	2326-8298, 2326-831X
h-index	44
国内分区	数学(1区)数学数学跨学科应用(1区)数学统计学与概率论(1区)
Top 期刊	是

涉及主题	计算机科学数学统计人工智能经济机器学习哲学医学认识论生物物理计量经济学工程类数据科学心理学数据挖掘量子力学程序设计语言推论政治学
出版信息	出版商: Annual Reviews Inc.，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2014，原创研究文献占比: 91.30%，自引率:4.10%， Gold OA占比: 40.54%

Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application

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Excess Mortality Estimation

Infectious Disease Modeling

Tensors in High-Dimensional Data Analysis: Methodological Opportunities and Theoretical Challenges

Empirical Likelihood in Functional Data Analysis

Neural Methods for Amortized Inference

A Review of Reinforcement Learning in Financial Applications

Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Survival Data

Excess Mortality Estimation

Infectious Disease Modeling

Tensors in High-Dimensional Data Analysis: Methodological Opportunities and Theoretical Challenges