European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy®, is a peer reviewed biomedical journal that publish papers related to clinical pharmacy, clinical pharmacology, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacotherapy and clinical management in the following sections, not necessary included in every issue.

The European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy® is a peer-reviewed biomedical journal that publishes papers related to clinical pharmacy, clinical pharmacology, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacotherapy, and clinical management. The journal covers various sections, which may not necessarily be included in every issue.

《European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy》是一本经过同行评审的生物医学期刊，发表与临床药学、临床药理学、药物流行病学、药物经济学、药物治疗和临床管理相关的论文。期刊的内容涵盖多个领域，具体内容可能在每期中有所不同。

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

López Tricas

European journal of clinical pharmacy

The Lancet's discussion on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in patients with COVID-19

《柳叶刀》关于羟氯喹或氯喹在COVID-19患者中应用的讨论

José Manuel López Tricas

Emerging viruses. The example of COVID-19

新兴病毒：以新冠病毒为例

The novel coronavirus pandemic is spreading globally, and the whole world is facing a serious public health crisis. It is therefore of urgent importance to understand the pathophysiology of the disease in order to find a treatment that reduces the mortality rate and eases pressure on health systems. Here we review the possible therapeutic utility of mTOR inhibitors in patients with COVID-19, based on molecular characteristics, immunological profile and clinical data available for these drugs. Inhibition of the mTOR pathway decreases macrophage and neutrophil 
activation, as well as their migration to the inflammatory focus. Furthermore, mTOR inhibition reduces the release of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, which have been shown to be elevated in severe patients

Antonio García Molina

Rafael Ferriols Lisart

Rubén Sánchez Martínez

Álvaro Gomez Peralez

Pilar Ponce Ortega

Therapeutic potential of mtor inhibitors in patients with sars-cov-2

mTOR抑制剂在SARS-CoV-2患者中的治疗潜力

Anakinra is a recombinant IL-1 receptor inhibitor commonly used for the treatment of autoinflammatory diseases in rheumatology. Successful off-label use of anakinra has been reported in different cases of severe HS. Several reports, in addition to our case, show that patients’ selection remains important since not all patients with HS respond well to anti-IL1 therapy, and further clinical investigation is needed to help on the predictive response to the different biological treatments

José María LLamas

Ángela Ayen Rodríguez

Bárbara Cancela Díez

Marina Galvez Moreno

Ricardo Ruiz Villaverde

Hidradenitis suppurativa and anakinra

化脓性汗腺炎与阿那白滞素

The objective of this study was to determine the quality of life (QoL) in diabetic patients of Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from 110 diabetic patients using a validated and reliable questionnaire consisting of three sections: 
1) socio-demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, marital status, education level, and family history; 
2) disease profile, which included co-morbidities, treatment, diabetes control/management and blood pressure control, as well as 3) the SF-20 questionnaire. The mean age range of the patients in this study was between 52.45 ±19.57. The most prevalent diabetic co-morbidities were hypertension (56.4%), impotence (29.1%), hyperlipidemia (25.5%), ischemic heart disease (15.5%), neuropathy (12.7%), and cerebrovascular disease (11.8%). There were three domains found lacking among diabetic patients, which were general health, treatment satisfaction, and progressive symptoms, with a median score of 16, 21, and 25, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.1) in these results when compared to diabetic patients who had responded positively in the domains mentioned. These results might have implications for health promotion in Aseer Region. It is important to prevent diabetic complications and manage co-morbid conditions to promote QoL. Several steps can be taken within the Aseer region, such as modifying medical interventions and designing educational programs for diabetic patients to ensure future progress 
in this specific area.

K. M. Alakhali

M Alshahrani Sultan

S. S. Alavudeen

Lyna Irawati

A Algarsh Morad

Health-related quality of life in patients with diabetes using sf-20 questionnaire in aseer region, saudi arabia

沙特阿拉伯阿西尔地区糖尿病患者使用SF-20问卷的健康相关生活质量

Background: According to World Health Organization (WHO), COVID-19 is a contagious and infectious disease caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2 which mainly affects the lungs and also damages many other organs. This organ damage 
may increase the risk of long-term health problems. 
Objective: We aimed to systematically review the literature to outline the organ damage caused by COVID-19 infection and its long-term effects. 
Method: We systematically searched the database «PubMed» which included studies that measured organ damage associated with COVID-19 and their longterm effects among infected patients. 
Results: A total of 53 studies were reviewed and screened based on titles and abstracts. Of these, only nine studies were determined to meet the eligibility criteria 
for discussion. Body systems and organs that may be affected by COVID-19 infection were the heart, lungs, brain and nervous system, musculoskeletal, and kidney. The possible long-term effects identified in these studies were damage to heart muscles, heart failure, damage to lung tissues and restrictive lung failure, anosmia (loss of sense of smell), and the consequences of thrombo-embolic events, stroke, heart attack, cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, pain in muscles and joints. 
Conclusion: Many long-term COVID-19 effects are still unknown and how COVID-19 will affect people over time

Muhammad Ahmer Raza

Shireen Aziz

Sana Shahzad

Shahid Masood Raza

Long-term effects caused by organ damage due to covid-19 infection: A mini-review

COVID-19感染导致的器官损伤的长期影响：一篇小综述

Introduction: Health education includes learning opportunities aimed at improving health literacy, including improving public knowledge and developing personal skills that lead to improved health. Health education is included in the portfolio of services of the Spanish Society of Primary Care Pharmacists (SEFAP) in the area of population planning and management. The «Know Your Medicines» workshop aims to train patients to learn about different aspects of the medications so they can participate in error prevention by improving safety and adherence. This workshop has been implemented and delivered for the first time in our health area by the Primary Care Pharmacists and the objective of the study is to describe the results obtained, so that we can guide and optimize our actions in the future. 
Method: Descriptive study of an intervention based on a validated project of health education with group methodology led by the Primary Care Pharmacists with the collaboration of nursing. The project developed by a multidisciplinary team consists of a technical paper and support materials to encourage participation. The activity is oriented to the patients to acquire knowledge and develop attitudes and skills that allow them to manage their medication safely and properly. Target population includes patients over 65 years of age polymedicated. Each workshop is held in three sessions of approximately 90 minutes. The methodology includes the following techniques: talk, round table talk, brainstorming, participatory lesson, group exercises and case analysis. Participants are given a six-question knowledge test before and after the activity to describe the degree of improvement, a satisfaction survey, and in the last session they are provided with an accreditation diploma. 
Results: 19 workshops have been conducted in 48% of the Health Centers in the Area (40) during the study period (January 2019-January 2020), with 195 patients at the first session of the workshop, with attendance decreasing in subsequent sessions. 
The second session lost 17% (No. = 33) and the last one 22% (No. = 43). The mean age was 75.8 years (SD: 7.07; CI: 74.8-76.78) and 58.6% were women. The overall assessment averaged 9.1 out of 10. Participants commented in the satisfaction survey 
that the activity was excellent, interesting and instructive. On the other hand, they indicated that they had learned more than they expected and that workshops should be repeated more often. It was noted that the workshop climate had been tolerant and participatory, and participants were happy and motivated to learn. The answers improved in the six pre-test questions versus the post-test. 
Discussion: The involvement of the Primary Care Pharmacists has been relevant 
for the implementation of these workshops in the Health Centers of the Area, and it has enabled the health education service line included in the portfolio of services. Workshops have helped improving the overall knowledge of patients related to drugs as all pre-test versus post-test questions have improved. Analysis of the degree of improvement according to the questions helps us to identify the starting level, the concepts that have become clearer, and on which issues we need to focus more. Regarding satisfaction we can say that participants expressed a high level of complacency indicating the need to repeat this activity

Blanca Basagoiti Carreño

Ana Díez Alcántara

María José Almodóvar Carretón

A. Gangoso Fermoso

Mª Carmen Herrero Domínguez-Berrueta

Antonio Martín Alonso

Eva Prieto Utiel

New role of primary care pharmacist in health education: Deployment and analysis of the workshop «know your medicines»

基层药师在健康教育中的新角色：《了解你的药物》工作坊的部署与分析

The new olanzapine depot formulation for intramuscular administration facilitates treatment adherence in schizophrenia. However, it has been associated with an uncommon but serious adverse effect referred to as post-injection syndrome, characterized by a series of symptoms consistent with olanzapine overdose. As a result, its use is limited and patients must be monitored for several hours after the injection. We report the first known case of post-injection syndrome at our hospital and its management.

Maria Magdalena Parera Pascual

Alejandra Mandilego Garcia

Júlia Rodriguez Martin

Beatriz Calderón Hernanz

Post-injection syndrome after olanzapine long-acting injection: A case report

奥氮平长效注射后综合征：一例报告

Context: Clinical pharmacy services employ the pharmacotherapeutic expertise to ensure optimal patient outcomes and can improve the quality, safety and efficiency of care. 
Objective: The aim of the study is to measure the direct economic impact of pharmaceutical interventions issued during the analysis of prescriptions in a Moroccan medical emergency department. 
Method: The prospective study was conducted over a period of eight months in the Medical Emergency Department of Ibn sina University Hospital in Rabat, Morocco. 
The direct drug cost-savings were assessed from the point of view of the hospital center. 
Pharmaceutical Interventions (PI) with a potential direct economic impact were selected. The total direct drug cost-savings was calculated according to the hypothesis of a single day impacted. The ratio of cost-savings to induced costs was calculated as well as the return on investment. 
Results: Of the 304 pharmaceutical interventions, 113 were selected for economic impact assessment. Direct drug cost-savings during the study period was determined to be 926.51 USD in a single day impacted and a return on investment of 822.4% was found. Cost savings/induced costs ratio was 9.22. Dose adjustment saved 396.93 USD and treatment discontinuation saved 350.42 USD per one day impacted. 
Conclusion: A beneficial effect of having a clinical pharmacist involved in patient care in the emergency department was observed in our study, based on the number of accepted pharmacist interventions and the potential cost avoidance

Amal Mrani Alaoui

Naoufel Madani

Jihane Belayachi

Jamal Taoufik

Redouane Abouqal

Aicha Chaib

Direct economic impact of pharmacist’s interventions in emergency department: A prospective study in a lowermiddle income country

药师干预在急诊科的直接经济影响：一项低中等收入国家的前瞻性研究

Background: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adding aprepitant to standard antiemetic regimens for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) caused by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) regimens. 
Method: One hundred and sixty eligible patients who were scheduled to receive MEC regimens for the first time were randomized to receive either triplet (aprepitant, dexamethasone, ondansetron) or doublet (dexamethasone, ondansetron and placebo) anti-emetic medications. The primary endpoint was to determine the proportion of patients who experienced CINV within 120 hours after the chemotherapy commencement. Secondary endpoints were complete response (CR) of overall phase (OP), correlation between CR of the OP with the CR of acute phase, and the effect of aprepitant on subsequent cycle of chemotherapy. 
Results: There was a trend towards decreasing nausea from 13% to 5% (p = 0.12), and vomiting from 8% to 1% (p = 0.084). Moreover, aprepitant increased CR rates from 91% to 98% in the overall phase (p = 0.08). For the second cycle of chemotherapy in which all patients received the standard anti-emesis protocol (the doublet) the rate of CR in OP was correlated with aprepitant use in the first cycle of chemotherapy (p = 0.01). 
Conclusion: In patients receiving MEC regimens, aprepitant decreased nausea and vomiting and increased complete response rates on different phases of the first cycles of treatment, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. However, using aprepitant in the first cycle significantly increased overall phase complete response rate of the second cycle of treatment

Morteza Tabatabaeefar

Jouybari Ali Yaghoubi

Ahmad R Mafi

Shaghayegh Kamian

Mania Rajabzadeh Kheradmardi

Alireza Khajavi

Triplet aprepitant/ dexamethasone/ondansetron versus doublet dexamethasone/ ondansetron for prevention of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy

三联阿瑞吡坦/地塞米松/昂丹司琼与双联地塞米松/昂丹司琼预防中度致吐化疗的疗效比较：一项安慰剂对照、双盲、随机临床试验

涉及主题	医学生物内科学病理外科心理学药理学遗传学化学精神科护理部生物化学数学免疫学政治学法学重症监护医学家庭医学内分泌学统计
出版信息	出版商: Rsago Editorial, S. L.,，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2016，原创研究文献占比: 0.00%，自引率:N.A.， Gold OA占比: 0.00%

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