Krajowa Rada Sadownictwa

Introduction. The consumption of hydrocarbons in the world is steadily growing with the response to the progress of civilization. It is accompanied by the continuous flow of hydrocarbon pollutants into the environment. Soil pollution with oil attracts special attention, because the soil is a key element in the trophic chain of toxicants in the human body. Purpose. Investigate changes in the properties (physicochemical, agrochemical and biological) of chernozem soils and its phytotoxicity at different levels of oil pollution for further use of the parameters of these indicators during soil monitoring. Research methods. The research was conducted during 2019-2021 in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in a field small-plot experiment on Chernozem Luvic with the frequency of observations on diagnostic indicators at 1 month, 6, 12 and 24 months. The scheme of the experiment provided for soil contamination with oil in the amount of 0.4 l/m2, 1.6 l/m2, 6.4 l/m2, 25.6 l/m2. Results. The rate of biodegradation of oil products for different levels of pollution of Chernozem Luvic was determined - with insignificant pollution, self-purification of the soil is characterized by a faster course than with medium and strong, within 24 months the content of hydrocarbons decreased by 85-87% and 60-64%, respectively. One of the important mechanisms for the loss of hydrocarbons from the soil surface is microbiological decomposition, studies have shown that in the oil concentration range of 6.4-24.6 l/m2, there was a significant increase in the intensity of carbon dioxide release from the soil, which is 60% higher than in the control option, this indicates the intensification of the processes of its biodegradation. Studies of changes in such diagnostic indicators as soil pH, the content of water-soluble potassium and sodium show a less significant influence of the factor of soil pollution with oil compared to the influence of the time factor. However, these indicators are of great diagnostic value in the process of monitoring oil-contaminated soils and remediation, since the most optimal parameters of these indicators determine the suitability of soils for plant growth and microbial life. Studies of phytotoxicity of oil-contaminated soil have shown the negative impact of oil on seed germination in the field condition. Conclusions. The research results indicate a gradual self-purification of the soil from petroleum hydrocarbons during the observation period. The obtained regularities of the dynamics of changes in the studied parameters will be used to improve the scientific and methodological support for monitoring soils affected by oil pollution.

Olekcii Krainiukov

Inna Miroshnychenko

Olesia Sіabruk

Yevheniia Hladkikh

Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University series Geology Geography Ecology

Effect of oil contamination on the course of changes in chernozem properties and phytotoxicity

石油污染对黑土性质变化过程及植物毒性的影响

The main purpose. The purpose of this research is to develop a method for determining the level of heavy metal contamination in the soil. For this end, the following tasks are set: - to develop a method for the integrated assessment of heavy metal contamination in the soil at the regional and local levels; - to identify the most heavy metal contaminated regions of Ukraine; - to estimate the level of hazard of heavy metal contamination in the soil for territories with different types of land use; - to assess the pollution of soils with heavy metals as a result of hostilities in Donetsk and Luhansk regions. Methodology. The method takes into account the soil morphology, genezises, trace metals background concentrations and based on the development of the self-purification index for various soils in different regions of Ukraine. According to the proposed method soils have been classified by trace metals contamination. Results. At the local level, trace metals in soils were assessed for urban recreational areas, highways and roads, landfills and industrial zones. The soils in recreational areas were classified as ‘good’, highways and roads are classified as ‘satisfactory’ and ‘poor’, industrial and landfill was classified as ‘very poor’ according to the trace metals contamination. At the regional level, the highest contamination Class was given to the soils of Donetsk and Luhansk regions due to the highest density of industrial areas and performed military activities. The environmental assessment of trace metals contamination in soils due to the military activity was performed for these regions. The results of trace metals determination in Kharkiv according to this method indicate that the most dangerous areas are domestic waste landfills and facilities of the industrial companies. Recreation zones are ranked in Class 2. and the territory near the highways are assessed in quality Class 2 and 3. Assessment of the hazard level of trace metal contamination in the soil by the proposed method will allow making a scientifically substantiated decision on the priority of implementation of environmental measures. Scientific novelty. The paper presents a new method of assessing soil contamination with heavy metals at the regional and local level. The advantage of this method is taking into account the hazard class of pollutants and the self-cleaning index. A new classification of the level of danger of soil contamination with heavy metals has been developed. Practical significance. The use of the proposed methodological approach will contribute to obtaining comparable data when assessing the level of soil contamination by heavy metals and determining the priority of implementing environmental protection measures and increasing the level of environmental safety, which is especially relevant for the post-war recovery of our country.

Olha Rybalova

Hanna Korobkova

Oleksandr Chynchyk

Tatyana Stryzhak

Oleksandr Bondar

Environmental assessment of soil contamination by trace metals

土壤重金属污染的环境评估

Research problem introduction. The main research goal of this paper is to provide the lean-logistics geosystem research concept as a contemporary approach of constructive geography closely connected with industry as a part of the service sector based on leading scientific principles, GIS-technologies and remote sensing data processing software involvement, and to give some details about this concept applied implementation. All these arguments allow us to specify and to study in-depth the peculiarities, key types, and specificities of the lean-logistics. In this paper, Lean-logistics is understood as an environmental service that helps to improve biodiversity and a stable environment. Lean-logistics itself can be developed as a type of modelling land use and land management activities. This activity can be even thought of as educational innovation with nature-based solutions. The key geographic-centered ideas of the concept of Lean-logistics are integration, engineering, economization, ecologization, socialization, and humanization of modern human activities. The methodological basis of Lean-logistics is presented by three sections, such as Section I. Theory of logistics (for instance, such aspects as general characteristics of logistics and its key features, Varieties of logistics and its classification, Lean logistics as a science: its place in logistics, key distinct features, etc.), Section II. Applied logistics (with such aspects as Military logistics, Business logistics, Environmental logistics, Urban logistics, and Logistics services), and Section III. Logistical construction (Lean-construction of commodity flows and Lean-construction in the field of services). The practical basis of Lean-logistics is formed by logic modelling (studios). Logic modelling in Lean-logistics are called logistics studios and are understood as a form of active practical activities of researchers. Summarizing and generalizing key ideas discussed in the text, the authors underline that the conceptual framework of the lean-logistics geosystem research is based on the implementation of four cross-cutting lines such as environmental security and sustainable development, health and safety, civic responsibility, business undertaking, and financial literacy. All of them aimed at forming a conscious citizen, all areas of activity of which are permeated by logistics chains. Concluding the research, the authors emphasize that the lean-logistics concept may be quite useful within the proposed content of Lean-logistics as a page navigator E-collection in the form of a book trailer. Some pages of it contain examples of the multimedia scrapbook of interactive exercises (deal with some definite sections and/or topics) which are presented using the Print Screen-visualization of the logistics lotto. The use of such tools, forms, technologies, techniques in the study of the content of “Lean-logistics in geography”, as E-collection, book-trailer, hotlist, multimedia scrapbook, mind mapping software, QR-coding, Print Screen-visualization, with active use of GIS, educational Internet services, modernizes the learning process and with systematic use in practice makes them necessary and appropriate in the knowledge about geography and constructive geography.

Viktoriia Udovychenko

Iryna Udovychenko

Lean-logistics in constructive geography: theoretical and methodological foundations

建设地理学中的精益物流：理论与方法论基础

The geochemical features of fluorine and its possible sources in the waters of the hydrothermal ore fields of the Dnipro-Donetsk avlakogen (DDA) are considered. It was established that the formation of anomalies occurs due to the interaction of infiltration waters of the zone of free water exchange and waters of deep formation, which are unloaded along the zones of deep faults. It is substantiated that the water migration of fluorine is determined by the geochemical type of groundwater, the degree of its mineralization, acid-base (pH) and oxidation-reduction (Eh) potentials, the presence of complex-forming elements with which fluorine forms mobile complex compounds, etc. Formulation of the problem. Fluorine is a typomorphic chemical element that is widely present in groundwater. It forms large-scale, contrasting hydrogeochemical anomalies in various types of hydrothermal ore fields, which are controlled by zones of deep faults - fluorite, mercury, polymetallic, and others. Presenting main material. Anomalies of the element are also formed in those fault zones, where the processes of modern heat and mass transfer are observed, manifested in the upward discharge of endogenous fluids against the background of increased intensity of the geothermal field. This indicates the probable arrival of fluorine in endogenous fluid flows, which are mixed with formation waters during their upward migration. The most contrasting aureoles of fluorine scattering are established in the zone of hypergenic weathering of fluorite of the Pokrovo-Kyreevsky deposit and in the aureole waters of the Mykytiv mercury ore field, in the rocks of which fluorite mineralization is absent. In them, fluorine, together with other trace elements, forms multicomponent anomalies and is part of the hydrogeochemical association of elements-indicators of hidden mercury mineralization - Hg, As, B, F, (Sb). Conclusions. 1. Geochemical features of fluorine in the processes of hydrothermal mineralization are caused by both hypogenic and hypergenic factors of its migration and concentration in the hydrolithosphere of the Dnipro-Donetsk avlakogen. 2. The high migration activity of fluorine in fluid systems and, in particular, in groundwater, is determined by numerous mobile forms of the element that exist under different geochemical conditions - in the form of gas, simple anions, complex compounds with metals, silicon, manganese, boron and other chemical elements Fluorine migrates best in alkaline sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride waters, in which Сl–, Na+ and ОН– ions not only act as a complexing agent, but also provide high ionic strength of aqueous solutions. 3. The high content of fluorine in the waters of the Pokrovo-Kyreivsky fluorite deposit is provided by two different geochemical processes: a) hypergenic physicochemical destruction of CaF2 by gravitational infiltration waters of the zone of free water exchange; b) the influx of fluorine into deep formation waters together with endogenous fluids that are discharged along fault structures at the post-hydrothermal stage of their tectonic activation. 4. Abnormally high concentrations of fluorine in the hydrothermal mercury ore fields of the Mykytivskyi and Druzhkivsko-Kostiantynivskyi deposits, in the rocks of which there is practically no fluorite mineralization, are due to the influx of the element into the mineralization zones from deep fluid flows and underground waters of deep horizons. 5. The main natural sources of fluorine in the waters of hydrothermal deposits of the region are: a) products of hypergenic weathering of hydrothermal mineralization of fluorite; b) flows of endogenous postheterothermal fluids; c) pore solutions of sedimentary rocks of marine origin.

Vasyl Suyarko

Ahmet Sasmaz

Oleksii Bartaschuk

Olga Serdіukova

Volodymyr Manyuk

Geochemistry of fluorine in halo waters of ore fields of the southeastern part of the Dnipro-Donetsk avlakogen

东南部第聂伯-顿涅茨盆地矿田卤水中的氟地球化学

The purpose of the work is to highlight the information-synergistic component of human-geographical research through the analysis of the scientific heritage of Kostiantyn Niemets – Honored Professor of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The achievement of the set purpose was accomplished through revealing the figure of the scientist Kostiantyn Niemets, justification of the human-geographical approach based on the information-synergistic paradigm, highlighting the formation of the concept of sociogeosystem and the sociogeoprocess, the peculiarities of the implementation of ideas in the educational process, the training of specialists and scientists, highlighting the potential of human geography and the information-synergistic component of human- geographical research in accordance with today's challenges. Results. This article presents an analysis of the information-synergistic component of human- geographical research in the scientific heritage Kostiantyn Niemets – Honored Professor of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The role of the synergistic paradigm is defined as the basis of modern science and scientific research. The implementation of the synergistic concept in sociogeosystems research, the definition of the role of the information resource and the features of information exchange are substantiated. The main contradictions between society and nature are revealed; the structure of the sociogeoprocess is considered; the main principles of the interaction of society and natural systems in the multi-system of nature management are revealed. The ideas of the formation of the concept of sociogeosystems and sociogeoprocess are highlighted and the features of the implementation of ideas in the educational process of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. are revealed. An analysis of the scientific heritage, which is realized in the scientific research of students and followers of Kostiantyn Niemets, is presented. The latest research and publications were analyzed, in particular, theoretical and methodological developments, the research toolkit, which was introduced during the implementation of dissertations for obtaining the scientific degree of doctor and candidate of geographical sciences under the leadership of Kostiantyn Nemets, as well as during the implementation of scientific research developments, projects and grants, powerful scientific publications authored by Kostiantyn Niemets. The article shows his huge contribution to the development of scientific research and support of young people. The results of the analysis of the dissertation works, which were created under the leadership of Kostiantyn Niemets, and the features of the introduction of the human-geographical approach and the use of powerful mathematical apparatus and modeling methods in these works are presented. Today, the synergistic paradigm is becoming one of the most important foundations of modern science and is being widely implemented in all fields of scientific research. The synergetic paradigm arose at the junction of many fundamental directions of science in the second half of the 20th century, its main methodological premise is a fundamentally different and unconventional understanding of the development of phenomena, processes, and systems in the surrounding reality. In contrast to the classical interpretation of development as a linear process, synergetics interprets the concept of development as a non-linear process that occurs as a result of the interaction of a large number of factors of different nature. In this regard, human geography occupies a leading place, because the main object of its research – the sociogeosystem – combines natural and social subsystems; therefore, human- geographical research includes all aspects of a synergistic approach.

Liudmyla Niemets

Kateryna Kravchenko

Kateryna Sehida

Ievgeniia Telebienieva

Liudmyla Kliuchko

Informational and synergetic component of human-geographical research in the scientific heritage of Kostiantyn Niemets

康斯坦丁·涅梅茨科学遗产中人文地理研究的信息与协同成分

Problem statement. Ukraine has a wide and diverse experience in the creation of cartographic support, implementation of geoinformation systems, databases and web mapping as client-service technologies and geoportals. However, the requirements and quality criteria for local geoportals have not yet been formed, and there is no single methodology that would allow optimizing the procedure for creating geoportals at the local level and meet the competence of state managers and specialists. There is also no single unified list of mandatory cartographic works that should visualize information about the state of the country's regions. Therefore, there is a need to describe certain ready-made solutions, possible options for the structure and content of a local geoportal, advantages and disadvantages of using different software in the process of creating geoportals. High-quality geoinformation support of communities is necessary for the sustainable development of cities and communities, which is one of the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015. The purpose of the research is to determine further prospects and directions for the development of local geoportals in Ukraine and their geoinformational and cartographic support on the basis of the analysis of regulatory documents and the experience of creating geoportals. Results. The article highlights the state, experience and prospects of implementing geoportals in Ukraine; their structure, possible functionality and cartographic content; the process of geoportal development and filling with geodata. Different software solutions for geoportal architecture based on Open Source have been compared. Using the case study of the development of a prototype of the geoportal of the Nova Vodolaha territorial community, it has been proved that with the help of open software it is possible to implement a service for interactive maps in a few steps. The advantages of the chosen architectural solution are interoperability, simplicity, visibility, the possibility of integrating data layers from national and regional sources. Practical significance. Based on the study, the following recommendations have been formulated for the development of geoportals of territorial communities: usage of open software; compliance with the principles of traditional cartography in the development of cartographic works; implementation of functions for convenient work with spatial information on the geoportal; compliance with the requirements and methodological recommendations regarding the quality, compatibility and subsequent publication of spatial data in the system of National Spatial Data Infrastructure. The proposed recommendations and architectural solutions can be applied to any local geoportal.

Anton Achkasov

Nataliia Popovych

Vilina Peresadko

Tengiz Gordeziani

Geoinformation support of geoportals of territorial communities: pre-war realities and post-war prospects

领土社区地理门户的地理信息支持：战前现实与战后前景

The work was carried out during the war with great faith in Ukraine's victory over the invaders. Problem Statement and Purpose. The article examines examples of the work of centers of intangible cultural heritage (ICH), in which elements of the ICH have become tourist magnets for individual tourist locations. The potential of combining these locations into a modern tourist cluster is analyzed, which can serve as an example for other regions of Ukraine. Therefore, it seems logical to analyze the development of a tourism product, using the example of intangible cultural heritage, study the potential of existing tourist locations and design a model for their unification into a modern, attractive tourist cluster, which could become an example for other regions of Ukraine. The analysis should show ways to popularize intangible cultural heritage through tourism, which contributes to the socio-economic development of communities. The purpose of the article. The work examines in detail the achievements of the National Museum-Reserve of Ukrainian Pottery in the village of Opishnoy (Poltava region), as an example of the success of a mature enterprise in the tourism industry with more than 35 years of work experience since its creation, known not only in Ukraine, but also in the world. The tourism prospects of the center of folk culture in the town of Reshetylivka (Poltava region) as a result of the creation and activity of the All-Ukrainian Center of Embroidery and Carpet Making as the leader of this center are considered. A separate part of the Center's work is presented, aimed at the formation of tourist activities in the form of offers for leisure activities, master classes, and informal education, which meets the growing demand for the study of national culture and contributes to the formation of public communications. Results. Taking into account the experience of successful centers of intangible culture in the field of tourism in Opishnoy and the town of Reshetylivka, analyzing the reasons for less success in the field of the center of the village. Petrykyvky (Dnipropetrovsk region), the author is looking for ways to form a tourist cluster Opishne-Reshetylivka-Petrykivka, built on the basis of the use of elements of the ICH of these locations. This should have a positive effect on the socio-economic development of local communities, for which tourism can play the role of a «catalyst» of regional development, taking into account the sustainable existence of elements of the ICH. The processes considered in the article contribute to the unity of Ukrainian society around the preservation of its own national cultural heritage. The war greatly reduced the volume of tourist activity in Ukraine, but the industry shows flexibility and readiness to quickly restore its functions and, to some extent, adapted to the changes and demands of wartime. Diagrams, a map, and the author's photos are offered to visualize the presented material.

Olena Beznosіuk

Prospects of a tourist cluster based on the intangible cultural heritage of Opishne, Reshetylivka, Petrykivka

基于奥皮什涅、雷谢季利夫卡、佩特里基夫卡非物质文化遗产的旅游集群前景

Formulation of the problem. The feasibility of the study is explained by the need for a clear understanding of socio-economic realities and problems of the occupied territories that arose on the eve of full-scale Russian aggression. This will contribute to the reconstruction and further development of the territory in the post-war period, taking into account the previous problems. The purpose of the article is to identify the state and spatial differences in the level of automobile transport accessibility of the territory of Zaporizhzhia region after the reform of the administrative-territorial system and on the eve of the Russian military aggression. Methods. The study used the topological methods of calculating the level of road transport accessibility of the region and its administrative districts, the comparative analysis of assessment results, and the methods of district typification according to the configuration of road networks. Results. The analysis of graphs and matrix of the shortest distances of the transport networks of Zaporizhzhia Region and its administrative districts as of 2021 was presented. It was revealed that the transport networks of Zaporizhzhia, Melitopol, and Pologiv districts belong to the monocentric radial type, while those of Berdiansk and Vasylivka districts have a cyclical appearance. Based on the calculations, an assessment and comparative analysis of the level of road transport accessibility of administrative units of the Zaporizhzhia region was carried out using topological methods with the determination of the following indicators: absolute accessibility index, Koenig number, Bavelash index, Beauchamp index and indicators of network connectivity (α-, β-, γ -indexes). The analysis of the graph of the transport and geographical position of district centers of the Zaporizhzhia region in terms of absolute and relative indicators testifies to a sufficiently rational configuration and connectivity of the road transport network. The best position in terms of accessibility on the territory of the region is occupied by the regional center of the city of Vasylivka. According to these indicators, the regional center occupies an intermediate position. The connectivity of community centers in the district transport networks of the region varies from low to medium level. The best indicators of connectivity are typical for Berdiansk district with a cyclic network configuration. The ways of improving the road transport accessibility of the territory of the administrative districts of the Zaporizhia region were proposed; they involve the improvement of the configuration of district transport networks and reconstruction of roads. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The assessments of the level of transport accessibility of new administrative districts of Zaporizhzhia region, by the topological methods, were determined; the ways of improving transport accessibility of administrative districts of the region in the post-war period were proposed. The obtained data can be used to optimize the territorial management of the region, to forecast its further development, to develop strategies for socio-economic development.

Oleg Baiteriakov

Valeria Voronova

Topological analysis of the automobile transport network of Zaporizhzhia region

扎波罗热地区汽车运输网络的拓扑分析

Formulation of the problem. Snow cover has a great influence on the climate, relief, hydrological and soil-forming processes, plant and animal life. It protects the soil from deep freezing and preserves winter crops, absorbs nitrogenous compounds, thus fertilizing the soil, adsorbs atmospheric dust and cools the surface layers of the air. Snow cover and its duration are social and economic important and affect the environment. Snow-related difficulties are a dangerous factor in the human environment, and more attention should be paid to the impact of snow on the economy or its great value as a natural resource. The investigation of the spatial distribution and temporal variability of the snow cover is an urgent and important issue, especially in the conditions of modern climate changes. The purpose of the article is to establish the characteristics of the spatio-temporal distribution of snow cover in the territory of Vinnytsia region for the period 1996-2018 and the features of its characteristics at the beginning of the XXI century. Methods. The data of daily meteorological observations on the height of the snow cover at the stations of the Vinnytsia region were used as the initial information. To characterize the height of the snow cover, its average values are calculated not for months, but for decades of winter months. Decadal heights and their repeatability by decade were calculated for each station for the period from 1996 to 2018 based on data on the distribution of snow cover height. Results. The analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of snow cover for the period 1996-2018 makes it possible to describe certain features of the formation of snow cover in the territory of Vinnytsia region: the snow cover in Vinnytsia region is formed in the third decade of October, with the exception of the Vinnytsia and Khmilnyk stations, where the appearance of snow cover begins in the second decades of October; disappearance occurs in the third decade of April throughout the region; decadal heights of snow cover have the maximum repeatability in the gradation from 0 to 5 cm; average decadal heights with the largest values from 10 to 13 cm were found in January and February at the stations of Bilopillia, Vinnytsia and Khmilnyk; the formation of stable snow cover on the territory of Vinnytsia region occurs in the second decade of November; the destruction was recorded from the second decade of March to the first decade of April. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The article provides an analysis of the distribution of snow cover and features of its formation at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries on the territory of the Vinnytsia region. The snow cover has a significant impact on the branches of Ukraine's economy. Agriculture is the most sensitive to the features of snow cover formation, especially when it comes to overwintering of winter crops. One of the main agrometeorological factors that determine the overwintering of winter crops is the height of the snow, its spatial and temporal variability, the period of appearance and disappearance of the snow cover. We believe that our investigation can be used to clarify the forecast of the yield of winter crops in Vinnytsia.

Larysa Nedostrelova

Maksym Nedostrelov

Analysis of spatio-temporal allocation of snow cover on the territory of Vinnytsia region

文尼察地区积雪时空分布分析

Problems Statement and Purpose. The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture has led to significant environmental pollution and health risks, and it is important to consider the negative effects and explore potential solutions to reduce pesticide pollution and its impact on human health and ecosystems. The purpose of the research is to determine the technogenic and environmental hazards of the use of chemical plant protection products (on the example of copper-containing preparations). Materials and methods of research. To study the scale of use and storage of plant protection products in Ukraine and to identify their anthropogenic and environmental threat, the analysis of statistical data on the volume of purchases and use of pesticides, in particular in the Kharkiv region, was used, Experimental studies and chemical analysis of some types of agricultural products after pesticide treatment were carried out using atomic absorption. Results. The paper reveals the essence of the technogenic and environmental hazard of plant protection products for humans and the environment, analyses the scale of use and storage of plant protection products in Ukraine, in particular in the Kharkiv region; outlines ways to improve the technogenic and environmental safety of plant protection products; shows the hazard of using chemical plant protection products for vegetable products on the example of copper-containing preparations. The volume of accumulation and use of pesticides in Ukraine, including in warehouses in the Kharkiv region, is considered. The number of centralised warehouses has increased. There have been no banned or unusable plant protection chemicals since 2012. The research was conducted using vegetables, in particular green onions. In the green mass that came into direct contact with the preparation based on copper sulphate (CuSO4), the Cu content was found to exceed the MAC for vegetables. In the study of tomatoes and cucumbers, the content of copper in fruits was investigated. It was found that treatment with a preparation containing copper does not affect the Cu content in fruits throughout the experiment, including the day of treatment. The maximum Cu content in tomato fruits on the day of treatment does not exceed the MPC in the experimental and control samples. The increase in the concentration of Cu in the experimental samples compared to the control samples is not statistically significant, since all values were below the MAC for vegetables, which is 5.0 mg/kg. The study revealed a periodic increase in the content of this heavy metal in cucumber and tomato samples taken on the day of treatment compared to control samples. This may be due to the presence of the product on the surface of the treated crop that has not yet been washed off. Conclusions. 1) Vinnytsia, Ternopil, and Khmelnytskyi regions used the most pesticides, while Poltava, Cherkasy, and Sumy regions used less. Kharkiv region had 125 pesticide storage facilities, with 79 in good and 46 in satisfactory condition. 2) Copper-containing pesticides increase copper levels in greenhouse vegetables during growth, with significant peaks on the day of treatment. Green produce exceeded permissible copper levels by up to 6.9 times. 3) The results for early vegetable production in greenhouses can be applied to most agricultural practices in Ukraine.

Olena Krainiuk

Yuriy Buts

Vitalii Barbashyn

Olga Nikitchenko

Marianna Pakki

Technogenic and ecological hazards of using chemical plant protection products (on the example of copper-containing preparations)

化学植物保护产品使用的技术性和生态性危害（以含铜制剂为例）

Abbreviation	GGE
Journal Impact	0.27
Quartiles(Global)	GEOLOGY(Q4)

Publication Information	Publisher: V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2013，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:66.70%， Gold OA Rate: 96.58%
Average review cycle	6 weeks

Krajowa Rada Sadownictwa

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