Vision (Switzerland)

Astigmatism management is a frequently encountered challenge in the world of modern cataract surgery. This review article investigates the importance of astigmatic correction and seeks to uncover the critical components of preoperative evaluation. With the rapid growth of new technologies and techniques, this article aims to also catalogue and clarify the multitude of astigmatism treatment options available for the cataract surgeon.

Royce B. Park

Ahmad A. Aref

Vision

Astigmatism Management in Modern Cataract Surgery

现代白内障手术中的散光管理

This article reviews historically significant phenomenological studies of visual mental imagery (VMI), starting with Fechner in 1860 and continuing to the present. This synthesis of diverse VMI phenomenological studies in healthy adults serves as a unique resource for investigators of individual differences, cognitive development and clinical and neurological conditions. The review focuses on two kinds of VMI, "memory imagery" and "eidetic imagery". Ten primary studies are drawn from three periods of the scholarly literature: early (1860-1929), middle (1930-1999) and recent (2000-2023). It is concluded that memory and eidetic imagery are two forms of constructive imagery, varying along a continuum of intensity or vividness. Vividness is a combination of clarity, colourfulness and liveliness, where clarity is defined by brightness and sharpness, colourfulness by image saturation and liveliness by vivacity, animation, feeling, solidity, projection and metamorphosis. The findings are integrated in a template that specifies, as a tree-like structure, the 16 properties of VMI vividness in healthy adult humans. The template takes into account the weight of evidence drawn from the accounts and reveals an extraordinary degree of consistency in reported VMI characteristics, revealed by specialized studies of healthy adult humans across time, space and culture.

David F. Marks

Phenomenological Studies of Visual Mental Imagery: A Review and Synthesis of Historical Datasets

视觉心理意象的现象学研究：历史数据集的回顾与综合

Currently there are several computational models of eye movement control that provide a good account of oculomotor behavior during reading of English and other alphabetic languages. I will provide an overview of two dominant models: E-Z Reader and SWIFT, as well as a recently proposed model: OB1-Reader. I will evaluate a critical issue of controversy among models, namely, whether words are lexically processed serially or in parallel. I will then consider reading in Chinese, a character-based, unspaced language with ambiguous word boundaries. Finally, I will evaluate the concepts of serialism and parallelism of process central to these models, and how these models might function in relation to lexical processing that is operationalized over parafoveal multi-constituent units.

Chuanli Zang

New Perspectives on Serialism and Parallelism in Oculomotor Control During Reading: The Multi-Constituent Unit Hypothesis

阅读过程中眼动控制序列性与并行性的新视角：多成分单元假说

Dry eye disease (DED) has become increasingly prevalent in the digital era, largely due to prolonged screen exposure. The excessive use of digital devices contributes to inappropriate blink frequency and dynamics, leading to ocular surface dryness and discomfort. Additionally, digital screen use has broader implications for systemic health, including visual strain, headaches, and disrupted circadian rhythms caused by blue light exposure. Previous studies have shown that prolonged screen time correlates with altered blink frequency and increased symptom severity in DED patients, exacerbating the imbalance in tear film production and evaporation. Blinking dynamics, particularly blink rate and completeness, are crucial in maintaining ocular surface moisture. Incomplete blinking impairs meibomian gland function, reducing lipid secretion, which is essential for preventing tear evaporation. Raising patient awareness through educational material, ergonomic adjustments, and blinking exercises has been shown to mitigate these effects. Digital tools that provide targeted educational interventions can be particularly effective in improving blink dynamics and overall ocular comfort. This study evaluates the efficacy of digital applications in optimizing blinking dynamics and enhancing tear film stability. The findings suggest that these innovations improve patient outcomes by encouraging healthier eye care practices. However, further research is needed to assess their long-term impact across diverse populations.

Maria Angela Romeo

Giulia Coco

Andrea Taloni

Giovanna Carnovale-Scalzo

Vincenzo Scorcia

Giuseppe Giannaccare

Digital Applications for Videoterminal-Associated Dry Eye Disease

数字应用在视频终端相关干眼病中的应用

Nir Erdinest

Yair Morad

New Horizons in Myopia Management: Bridging Epidemiology and Clinical Innovation

近视管理的新视野：连接流行病学与临床创新

Purpose: The number of presbyopia-correcting (premium) intraocular lenses (IOLs) is growing steadily as the desire for spectacle independence after cataract surgery increases. The aim of this laboratory study was to evaluate a newly launched hydrophobic, acrylic, polyfocal, refractive intraocular lens with a new optical design and geometry. This polyfocal IOL has three different zones (within the optic) with radially asymmetric design. Methods: We performed optical bench tests to calculate the optical characteristics of the sample. The optical performance and quality of IOLs based on ISO 11979-2 and 11979-9 requirements were analyzed with the NIMO TR0815 (Lambda-X). In addition, optical quality metrics were evaluated with the IOLA MFD device (Rotlex). Sphere, Add, modulation transfer function (MTF), the energy distribution between the modes and the MTF along the whole range from far to near were analyzed. Results: The power histogram showed that the tested IOL has the characteristics of a polyfocal IOL with a wide range of optical power between 20.5 and 24.5 diopters. Two distinct peaks were observed, indicating bifocal functionality. In the radial and axial power surface map, all three zones, stated by the company, could be detected. Larger apertures lead to a significant increase in MTF at the far peak, indicating better visual acuity for distant objects under low-light conditions. It was observed that in small aperture sizes, intermediate vision seems to be dominant. The energy distribution remained almost constant with increasing aperture size. Conclusions: This laboratory study was able to confirm the properties of the polyfocal lens stated by the company. Three optical zones could be identified. However, further optical bench tests should be performed to evaluate the new lens under tilted and decentered conditions. Clinical studies have to confirm that the presbyopia-correcting, polyfocal lens can achieve good clinical results with high patient satisfaction without disturbing side effects.

Andreas F. Borkenstein

Eva-Maria Borkenstein

Pooria Omidi

Achim Langenbucher

Optical Bench Evaluation of a Novel, Hydrophobic, Acrylic, One-Piece, Polyfocal Intraocular Lens with a “Zig-Zag” L-Loop Haptic Design

新型疏水性丙烯酸一体式多焦点人工晶状体光学平台评估：具有“Z”字形L型襻设计

Post-operative increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) are a frequent complication following phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Assessment of IOP is an essential element in post-operative checks. Despite this, guidance regarding the optimal timing remains vague. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the current status of evidence that may help guide best practice regarding the optimal time following phacoemulsification cataract surgery to measure IOP. A comprehensive literature search was performed on MEDLINE and EMBASE. In two stages, independent reviewers screened articles that reported IOP measurements following uncomplicated cataract surgery. Risk of Bias Assessment was conducted following data extraction. The meta-analysis incorporated 57 randomized clinical studies involving a total of 6318 participants and 7089 eyes. Post-operative hour one had a significant decrease in IOP from baseline, while hour two had a non-significant increase. Post-operative hours four, six, and eight were the only timepoints to have a significant increase in IOP. Finally, post-operative day one had no significant change in IOP, while day two had a non-significant decrease. These results suggest that the optimal time to measure IOP is within the first 4–8 h following phacoemulsification cataract extraction. Taking measurements too soon or too late could result in missed IOP spikes.

William J. Herspiegel

Brian E. Yu

Hamzah S. Algodi

Monali S. Malvankar-Mehta

Cindy M. L. Hutnik

Optimal Timing for Intraocular Pressure Measurement Following Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis

白内障超声乳化术后最佳眼压测量时机的系统综述与Meta分析

This study investigated whether manual integration in the recognition of the endothelial cells produces different outcomes of morphometric parameters compared to a fully automatic approach. Eight hundred and ninety endothelial images, originally acquired by the Perseus Specular Microscope (CSO, Florence, Italy), from seven positions of right and left corneas were selected from the database of the Research Centre in Optics and Optometry at the University of Milano-Bicocca. For each image selected, two procedures of cell identification were performed by the Perseus: an automatic identification and a manual-integrated procedure to add potential additional cells with the available editing tool. At the end of both procedures, the endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), and hexagonality (HEX) of the mosaic were calculated. The HEX in the two procedures was significantly different for all comparisons (p &lt; 0.001), but clinically negligible. No significant differences were found for the CV and ECD in the images of both eyes irrespective of the corneal position of acquisition (except for ECD in three corneal portions, p &lt; 0.05). To conclude, it is possible to recognise a significantly higher number of cells using the manual-integrated procedure than it is using the fully automatic one, but this does not change the morphological parameters achieved.

Giulia Carlotta Rizzo

Rosa Di Grassi

Erika Ponzini

Silvia Tavazzi

Fabrizio Zeri

Corneal Endothelial Microscopy: Does a Manual Recognition of the Endothelial Cells Help the Morphometric Analysis Compared to a Fully Automatic Approach?

角膜内皮显微镜检查：手动识别内皮细胞是否有助于形态学分析，相较于全自动方法？

ISSN	2411-5150
h-index	16

Publication Information	Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2017，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
Journal Fees	$Details
Average review cycle	11 weeks

Vision (Switzerland)

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Astigmatism Management in Modern Cataract Surgery

Phenomenological Studies of Visual Mental Imagery: A Review and Synthesis of Historical Datasets

New Perspectives on Serialism and Parallelism in Oculomotor Control During Reading: The Multi-Constituent Unit Hypothesis

Digital Applications for Videoterminal-Associated Dry Eye Disease

New Horizons in Myopia Management: Bridging Epidemiology and Clinical Innovation

New Horizons in Myopia Management: Bridging Epidemiology and Clinical Innovation

Digital Applications for Videoterminal-Associated Dry Eye Disease

Optical Bench Evaluation of a Novel, Hydrophobic, Acrylic, One-Piece, Polyfocal Intraocular Lens with a “Zig-Zag” L-Loop Haptic Design

Optimal Timing for Intraocular Pressure Measurement Following Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis

Corneal Endothelial Microscopy: Does a Manual Recognition of the Endothelial Cells Help the Morphometric Analysis Compared to a Fully Automatic Approach?