Agricultural and Environmental Letters

Core Ideas Matrix flow and macropore flow interact in Vertisols via lateral infiltration. Maximum water infiltration depths are greater in Vertisols with hog manure. Manure does not affect the mobilization of old soil water via macropore flow. Preferential flow has different agronomic and environmental effects in various soils. The objectives of this study were (i) to quantify matrix and preferential flow and (ii) to assess the effect of organic amendments on flow dynamics in agricultural Vertisols. Dye tracing and isotopic analysis were used to infer soil water infiltration and mixing on two plots: one treatment (with liquid hog manure) and one control. Results showed infiltration depths reaching 64 cm for the treatment plot and 45 cm for the control. For both plots, matrix flow was only observed in the top 10 cm, whereas preferential flow extended beyond the tillage depth. Dye traces provided evidence of lateral infiltration across macropore–matrix boundaries, while post‐experiment soil water averaged δ 2 H = −15.1‰ and δ 18 O = −118.9‰, hinting at old water mobilization via macropore flow. The potential impacts of these results on chemical transport should be validated across different soils and environmental conditions.

Genevieve Ali

Merrin Macrae

Matthew Walker

Janelle Laing

David Lobb

Agricultural & Environmental Letters

Preferential Flow in Vertisolic Soils with and without Organic Amendments

优先流在有和无有机改良剂的变性土中的研究

Core Ideas The Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB) is agriculturally important and ecologically unique. The Delta‐Flux network will coordinate the activities of 17 eddy covariance towers. The network addresses the need for scaled C and water cycle observations. The network aims to promote sustainable, climate‐smart land management. Delta‐Flux is open to collaborators from strategic sites and relevant disciplines. Networks of remotely monitored research sites are increasingly the tool used to study regional agricultural impacts on carbon and water fluxes. However, key national networks such as the National Ecological Observatory Network and AmeriFlux lack contributions from the Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB), a highly productive agricultural area with opportunities for soil carbon sequestration through conservation practices. The authors describe the rationale to create the new Delta‐Flux network, which will coordinate efforts to quantify carbon and water budgets at seventeen eddy covariance flux tower sites in the LMRB. The network structure will facilitate climate‐smart management strategies based on production‐scale and continuous measurements of carbon and water fluxes from the landscape to the atmosphere under different soil and water management conditions. The seventeen instrumented field sites are expected to monitor fluxes within the most characteristic landscapes of the target area: row‐crop fields, pasture, grasslands, forests, and marshes. The network participants are committed to open collaboration and efficient regionalization of site‐level findings to support sustainable agricultural and forestry management and conservation of natural resources.

Benjamin R. K. Runkle

James R. Rigby

Michele L. Reba

Saseendran S. Anapalli

Joydeep Bhattacharjee

Ken W. Krauss

Lu Liang

Martin A. Locke

Kimberly A. Novick

Ruixiu Sui

Kosana Suvočarev

Paul M. White

Delta‐Flux: An Eddy Covariance Network for a Climate‐Smart Lower Mississippi Basin

Delta-Flux：一个用于气候智能型下密西西比河流域的涡度协方差网络

Abstract Achieving high corn yields while reducing fertilizer losses seems attainable through nitrogen (N) management decisions that include the use of cover crops (CCs). To determine whether CCs result in a net positive balance between N fertilization and crop utilization, we used US field trial data comparing corn systems with and without CCs, and estimated the amount of N fertilizer that CCs would replace and lead to equivalent grain yields under both systems. Overall, applying lower nitrogen rates to corn without cover crops resulted in similar or higher yields when legumes were used as cover crops (indicating positive nitrogen replacement in the amount of 62 kg ha −1 ), but lower yields when grasses were used as cover crops (indicating negative nitrogen replacement in the amount of 24 kg ha −1 ). Our results illustrate the benefits and trade‐offs of integrating single CC species into a corn system, that is, reducing N inputs with legume CCs or supplementing N fertilizer to avoid possible grain yield penalties in the case of grass CCs. Quantifying the N replacement value of CCs would facilitate field‐level recommendations and policy regulations aimed at promoting sustainable corn production in the United States. Core Ideas Managing N fertilizer rates is essential for maximizing the benefits of legume and grass cover crops in corn‐based systems. N fertilizer replacement of grass and legume cover crops was assessed based on data from field experiments in the United States. Legume cover crops were found to positively replace N fertilizer; potentially reducing corn N inputs. Grass cover crops were found to negatively replace N fertilizer; potentially requiring supplementary fertilizer to reduce corn yield penalties.

Guillermo S. Marcillo

Resham Thapa

Steven B. Mirsky

Nicolas Martin

The nitrogen value of cover crops: How much N can cover crops replace?

覆盖作物的氮价值：覆盖作物能替代多少氮？

Abstract The invasive land snail Bulimulus bonariensis has become a significant pest in the Southern United States. This pest poses a threat to various crops, including cotton, citrus, and peanut, leading to potential yield losses, irrigation issues, and food contamination. This study investigated the effects of tillage and calcium fertilization on snail populations in peanut. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four plot replications using the peanut cultivar Georgia 12Y. Treatments combined tillage methods with dolomitic lime or gypsum fertilization. The results showed that conventional tillage with the addition of dolomitic lime significantly reduced the number of snails compared to tillage plus gypsum, no‐tillage plus dolomitic lime, and no‐tillage plus gypsum. A slight increase in yield was noted in plots with tillage and gypsum application. These findings highlight the potential of tillage, especially when combined with dolomitic lime, as an effective strategy for managing B. bonariensis in peanut. Core Ideas The invasive snail, Bulimulus bonariensis , poses a significant economic threat to peanut crops in Southeastern United States. Tillage has been shown to significantly decrease adult snail population in peanut. Conventional tillage combined with dolomitic lime reduced snail populations compared to other treatments.

E. S. Calixto

H. Singh

Silvana V. Paula‐Moraes

Impact of cultural control practices and fertilization on snail abundance and peanut yield

文化控制措施和施肥对蜗牛数量及花生产量的影响

Abstract Particulate organic matter may be an important component feeding soil microbial activity. This study described population‐level statistics of particulate organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in predominately Ultisols across 181 farms throughout North Carolina, Virginia, and Georgia. Soil profiles were sampled under conventional‐till cropland ( n = 186), no‐till cropland ( n = 127), grassland ( n = 322), and woodland ( n = 171). Particulate organic C (g C kg −1 soil) varied from 2.0 to 18.0 (5% to 95% distribution) at 0‐ to 10‐cm depth, 0.4 to 3.9 at 10‐ to 30‐cm depth, and 0.1 to 1.9 at 30‐ to 60‐cm depth. As a proportion of total N, particulate organic N was 0.26 ± 0.10, 0.12 ± 0.09, and 0.08 ± 0.08 kg kg −1 at 0‐ to 10‐, 10‐ to 30‐, and 30‐ to 60‐cm depths, respectively. Particulate organic C was most dramatically affected at 0‐ to 10‐cm depth, following the order: conventional‐till cropland &lt; no‐till cropland &lt; grassland &lt; woodland. Particulate organic N followed a similar order, except there was no difference between grassland and woodland. Particulate organic matter brings vitality to soil along a trajectory toward greater organic matter.

Alan J. Franzluebbers

Soil depth distribution of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in the southeastern United States

美国东南部土壤深度分布中的颗粒有机碳和氮

Abstract In recent decades, vignerons have focused more on the world's mainstream varieties than on differentiating their varietal mix. This has led countries to become more similar to each other in their mix of winegrape varieties and more varietally concentrated. What are the drivers of those changes? In this study, we focus on one of those drivers, that is, climate similarities. We estimate statistical models to quantify the potential influence of 16 climate variables on varietal similarities across countries, as well as on how their varietal mixes have become more or less similar since 2000. The results indicate not only that countries with more similar climates have more similar varietal mixes but also that in recent years countries with more similar climates have become even more similar in their mixes. This, however, does not necessarily mean that vignerons have been planting the varieties that are better adapted to their climates. Core Ideas Wine‐producing countries have become more similar and concentrated in their mix of winegrape varieties. This similarity extends particularly among countries sharing similar climatic conditions. In recent years, countries with similar climates have continued to converge in their winegrape varietal mixes. Nevertheless, vignerons have not necessarily been planting varieties that are better suited to their climates.

Germán Puga

Kym Anderson

The influence of climate on varietal similarities across countries

气候对各国品种相似性的影响

Abstract Healthy soil supports the global carbon cycle, the water cycle, and many nutrient cycles to stabilize ecosystems. We take these processes for granted, and yet, disruptions to these cycles would be devastating if soils became defunct and plants could not photosynthesize. As with the health of the human body to which we rely on to carry out our daily lives, so too does the health of soil give essential life to our world. Strong corollaries exist between the functioning of the human body and the soil body. This essay explores these two bodies through simile. Just as we wish others good health, so too should each of us (and society) wish a world with excellent soil health. A foundational pathway laid by strong science, but pitched to engage more of the public in this effort to foster better soil health might be through non‐traditional impressionistic storylines.

Our connections to soil health through simile

我们通过比喻与土壤健康的关系

Abbreviation	Agric. environ. lett.
Journal Impact	2.19
Quartiles(Global)	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES(Q3)

ISSN	2471-9625
h-index	22

Publication Information	Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2016，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 94.83%
Journal Fees	$1670Details
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：16 Weeks

Agricultural and Environmental Letters

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Preferential Flow in Vertisolic Soils with and without Organic Amendments

Delta‐Flux: An Eddy Covariance Network for a Climate‐Smart Lower Mississippi Basin

The nitrogen value of cover crops: How much N can cover crops replace?

Impact of cultural control practices and fertilization on snail abundance and peanut yield

Soil depth distribution of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in the southeastern United States

The nitrogen value of cover crops: How much N can cover crops replace?

Soil depth distribution of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in the southeastern United States

Impact of cultural control practices and fertilization on snail abundance and peanut yield

The influence of climate on varietal similarities across countries

Our connections to soil health through simile