Nature Conservation Research

Research on taxonomically diverse groups of insects are an important component of studying biodiversity in Protected Areas of various ranks. Based on the results of original studies (2017–2020), this paper presents for the first time data on the Chrysomelidae family and its species composition in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, Russia. The study area is located in the south of the forest-steppe zone of the low mountains of the Southern Urals in the Orenburg Region, Russia. Currently, this Chrysomelidae fauna is one of the most studied ones in Protected Areas of the Southern Urals. In the study area, 180 Chrysomelidae species have been registered, which is 51% of the Chrysomelidae family in the Orenburg Region. In addition, 86 recorded species were found for the first time in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, including eight species recorded for the first time in the Orenburg Region. A new species of the genus Altica was discovered in the study area. In terms of the level of species richness, the Chrysomelidae family of the Shaitan-Tau Nature Reserve is comparable with or noticeably richer than other local faunas of the Protected Areas of the Southern Urals. At the same time, this Chrysomelidae fauna has fewer species than of other state nature reserves and national parks in the forest-steppe zone of the Volga Upland. Features of the zoogeographical structure of the Chrysomelidae family in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve include quite a high number of West-Palaearctic species (23 species; 12.8%), many of which are located there on the eastern limit of their natural ranges, and a low proportion of Central Palaearctic species (3.9%). At the same time, two Siberian species were discovered (Labidostomis sibirica and Gonioctena flavicornis), which are located on relict island sites of their ranges in the Urals. These findings noticably distinguish the studied fauna from the Chrysomelidae of the steppe Protected Areas in the south of the Orenburg Region, where a considerable proportion are representatives of the Kazakh-Turanian genesis. The studied Chrysomelidae fauna is characterised by a set of rich groups of steppe, meadow-steppe, nemoral and, to a lesser extent, boreal forms (a large part of which are located on the lomits of their ranges in the study area), as well as a pronounced spatial mosaic of biotopic complexes (e.g. forest, steppe, floodplains). In general, the data presented in this study objectively characterise the Chrysomelidae fauna of the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve as a reference for the Ural oak forest-steppe ecosystem, which emphasises its important role for the conservation of natural complexes, as well as the knowledge of the current state and historical stages of the formation of biota of the western macroslope of the South Urals.

Sergei V. Dedyukhin

Fauna and biotopic distribution of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, Russia

俄罗斯沙伊坦-陶国家自然保护区叶甲科（鞘翅目）的动物区系及生境分布

The paper provides information about Epipactis persica, a new species for the flora of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and China. New localities of this species are based on herbarium material stored in herbarium collections AA, KUZ, LE, MW, NUR, and TASH, personal field records, and observations published on iNaturalist. Localities in Kazakhstan represent the northernmost records of E. persica, but its possible presence in Russian Siberia is discussed. In China, E. persica is currently reported based only on historical herbarium collections dated by 1877–1879.

Serik A. Kubentayev

Petr G. Efimov

Alexander V. Fateryga

Epipactis persica (Orchidaceae), a new taxon for the flora of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and China

波斯绶草（兰科）：哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦和中国植物区系的新分类群

Epidendrum ×doroteae (Orchidaceae), a natural hybrid between Epidendrum ciliare and Epidendrum nocturnum, was hitherto known only from a few specimens collected during the 1940s–1990s in Honduras, Central America. Epidendrum ×doroteae is recorded here for the first time in Nicaragua and in South America, in Brazil. We found three clusters of individuals of the hybrid in sympatry with the parental species on Marajó Island, state of Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon, and we recognised two specimens from Nicaragua deposited in the herbaria AMO and MO as E. ×doroteae. Epidendrum ×doroteae and the parental taxa have star-shape flowers with yellowish-green sepals and petals. However, E. ×doroteae differs from the parental species when fertile by the lateral lobes of the lip, which have an irregularly serrate-dentate, rarely slightly fimbriate margin vs. entire to slightly undulate margin in E. nocturnum and distinctly fimbriate margin in E. ciliare.

David F. da Silva

Erlediel G. do Nascimento

Felipe F. V. A. Barberena

First record of Epidendrum ×doroteae (Orchidaceae) in South America

南美洲首次记录的Epidendrum ×doroteae（兰科）

Canis lupus (hereinafter – wolf) is a top predator specialised on large ungulates. In a community of multiple ungulate species, carnivores may exhibit a preference for one. Due to the decreasing availability of preferred species, interactions between wolves and other ungulates can change. We conducted our research from 2014 to 2019, which included an abrupt decline in the population of the wolf’s main prey, Sus scrofa, in the Kaluzhskie Zaseki State Nature Reserve, Russia. We ascertained the wolf diet (scats content analysis) and evaluated preferences using Jacobs’ index. The proportion in the diet of two ungulate species, Capreolus capreolus and Alces alces, increased after the Sus scrofa population declined, but the main prey became a non-ungulate species, namely Castor fiber. Wolves did not hunt Bison bonasus, and changes in Sus scrofa populations did not affect interactions between them. The presence of this species in the wolf diet is negligible and related to scavenging. Wolves showed a strong preference for Sus scrofa after decreasing its abundance. Dynamic interactions estimated from camera-trap data, using the coefficient of sociality, partly confirmed with analysis of preferences but also depending on other factors. The coefficient of sociality showed attraction species hardly presented in the diet only in the peripheral part of the wolf home range, where ungulates more frequently encounter subadult wolves. The decreasing population of wolf’s main prey influenced interactions with other ungulates to some extent since wolves increased the proportion of them in their diet to substitute Sus scrofa. In the absence of Sus scrofa, wolves tend to prefer middle- and small-sized prey.

Anastasia O. Viricheva

Elena M. Litvinova

Maria D. Chistopolova

Andrey D. Poyarkov

Jose A. Hernandez-Blanco

Wolf-ungulate interactions within the context of wolf's main prey population decline in Central Russian Upland

中俄罗斯高地狼主要猎物种群下降背景下的狼-有蹄类动物相互作用

The population of Anser fabalis fabalis wintering in Europe have shown decline in recent decades. At the same time, the population dynamic of most migratory birds largely depends on the quality of migratory stopover sites, which are necessary to replenish internal reserves. The migration ecology of Anser fabalis fabalis wintering in Europe has not been sufficiently studied. Only in general terms we know about the timing of migration, while the places of key stopovers in Russia are not described. There is no information about conservation status of key sites and the intensity and duration of their use by Anser fabalis fabalis individuals. Without this knowledge, it is impossible to organise effective protection of any migrating population. We have analysed the dynamics and phenology of migrations, as well as the conservation status of stopover and pre-migration sites of Anser fabalis fabalis nesting in the forest zone of Western and Central Siberia and wintering in Northern Germany and Poland, based on data from GPS/GSM transmitters. We used data from 45 completed spring migrations from 25 tagged birds and 36 completed autumn migrations from 20 birds over the period 2019–2023. The migration start from wintering sites occurs in late February, on average 20 February ± 10.9 days. Arrival of the birds in the breeding areas occurs in late April, on average 01 May ± 9.4 days. Over 2019–2023, we found a trend for a shift in the dates of spring migration start (Mann-Kendall test: τ = -0.22, p &lt; 0.05) and finish (Mann-Kendall test: τ = -0.35, p &lt; 0.05) to earlier dates. Based on data from individual bird’s migration routes, 1031 migration stopovers with a total duration of 3529.7 days were allocated. Of these, 616 (59.8%) stopovers were located in Russia, where the birds spent 1831 (51.9%) days. Key stopovers are located in the Baltic Region, the Sviyaga-Vyatka interfluve and the centre of the River Volga Region. The start of the autumn migration occurs between 27 September and 25 October, on average 18 October ± 7.9 days. The arrival at wintering sites occurs between 15 October and 11 December, on average 8 November ± 13.4 days. Over 2019–2023, there was a trend of an increasingly later arrival on wintering sites (Mann-Kendall test: τ = 0.45, p &lt; 0.05). The start of the autumn migration occurred also later (Mann-Kendall test: τ = 0.44, p &lt; 0.05). Pairs with broods are characterised by a longer autumn migration (Mann-Whitney test: U = 67.0, Z = 2.58, p &lt; 0.001), and they spend significantly more time on the pre-migration sites (Mann-Whitney test: U = 71.5, Z = 2.29, p &lt; 0.01) and autumn stopovers (Mann-Whitney test: U = 67.5, Z = 2.56, p &lt; 0.01). The migration speed of pairs without broods was higher than of pairs with broods (Mann-Whitney test: U = 69.0, Z = -2.5, p &lt; 0.01). Only 15.3% of stopovers are covered by the existing network of Protected Areas, where the Anser fabalis fabalis individuals spend only 19.2% of the total time. The results of this study can be used to develop an effective strategy for the Anser fabalis fabalis conservation during the period of migrations. We propose a hunting ban and/or the creation of Protected Areas within the main key stopover sites in Russia.

Sofya B. Rozenfeld

Eugeny G. Strelnikov

Sergey V. Volkov

Migration routes and key stopovers of Anser fabalis fabalis (Anseriformes): critical protection gaps

灰雁（雁形目）迁徙路线及关键停歇地：关键保护空缺

短名	Nat. Conserv. Res.
Journal Impact	1.26
国际分区	BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION(Q3)

ISSN	2500-008X
h-index	18

涉及主题	生物地理生态学地质学历史考古古生物学动物植物环境科学医学社会学计算机科学数学
出版信息	出版商: Fund for Support and Development of Protected Areas，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 是
基本数据	创刊年份: 2016，原创研究文献占比: 94.87%，自引率:16.70%， Gold OA占比: 96.88%
平均审稿周期	网友分享经验：13 Weeks

Nature Conservation Research

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Fauna and biotopic distribution of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, Russia

Epipactis persica (Orchidaceae), a new taxon for the flora of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and China

First record of Epidendrum ×doroteae (Orchidaceae) in South America

Wolf-ungulate interactions within the context of wolf's main prey population decline in Central Russian Upland

Migration routes and key stopovers of Anser fabalis fabalis (Anseriformes): critical protection gaps

Fauna and biotopic distribution of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, Russia

Epipactis persica (Orchidaceae), a new taxon for the flora of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and China

First record of Epidendrum ×doroteae (Orchidaceae) in South America

Wolf-ungulate interactions within the context of wolf's main prey population decline in Central Russian Upland

Migration routes and key stopovers of Anser fabalis fabalis (Anseriformes): critical protection gaps