Journal of Associated Medical Sciences

Background: Stress is one of the key factors leading to mood disorders. Screening for stress through questionnaires and heart rate variability (HRV) required delicate consideration and expertise for result interpretation. Nowadays, wrist-worn devices, a non-invasive and real-time monitoring technology for assessing stress levels, are widely used. Objective: To evaluate wrist-worn devices for stress measurement and assess the stress responsiveness of Thai massage (TM) and cardio-exercise in volunteers. Materials and methods: Device verification was inferred before distributing the wrist-worn device to volunteers. Fifty volunteers were randomly assigned to 1.5 hours of TM and 4 weeks of cardio-exercise in zones 1-2 as a stress relaxation program. The stress response rate was compared among 3 different stress measurement tools: an HRV device, cortisol level, and a wrist-worn device. Results: Wrist-worn devices’ step count and heart rate function were verified within an acceptable error of &lt;5% and well correlated with the HRV device before starting the assignment. The significantly decreased value of the stress after TM indicated the responsiveness for stress relaxation within an 85% response rate by HRV (p&lt;0.001) and 75% by wrist-worn devices (p=0.002). &gt;&lt;0.001) and 75% by wrist-worn devices (p=0.002). Higher response outcomes were achieved from the cardio-exercise program, resulting in an 80% response rate by cortisol (p&lt;0.001), 83.3% by HRV device (p=0.001), and 90% by the wrist-worn device (p=0.001). Significant agreement of Kappa values for all paired devices under cardio-exercise reveals an acceptable similar response outcome from wrist-worn devices. The responsive outcome between TM and cardio-exercise programs in similar volunteer groups demonstrates no significant difference measured by HRV devices (p=0.375) and wrist-worn devices (p=0.625) using the McNemar test. Conclusion: The data herein suggest that a wrist-worn device’s stress monitoring provides satisfaction with real-time monitoring and long-term records comparable with HRV devices and cortisol measurements. Cardio exercise for 4 weeks of light and very light cardio is suggested as a continuous approach for stress relaxation. The TM program is a passive intervention that may help temporary relaxation compared to continuous cardio exercise according to subjective preference.

Chatladda Thubthimngam

Patutong Chatchawal

Molin Wongwattanakul

Wichai Eungpinichpong

Patcharee Jearanaikoon

Evaluation of stress measurement using a wrist-worn device in volunteer subjects under Thai massage and cardio-exercise treatment

使用腕戴设备在泰国按摩和心脏运动治疗下对志愿者进行压力测量的评估

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has irreversibly altered the global landscape, with far-reaching consequences for individuals’ quality of life (QOL). In India, the series of lockdowns imposed to combat the pandemic presented unique challenges, exacerbating mental health concerns and amplifying anxiety and discontent among the population. Notably, the pandemic’s impact on QOL has been unevenly distributed, with diabetic individuals potentially facing distinct challenges compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. Existing research in India has primarily focused on the health-related concerns of diabetic individuals, leaving a significant knowledge gap regarding the QOL of non-diabetic individuals during and following the pandemic. A comprehensive understanding of QOL differences between diabetic and non-diabetic populations is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving overall well-being. Objective: This study aims to address this gap by exploring and comparing the QOL of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals in India during and after COVID-19, providing valuable insights into the pandemic’s impact on this critical aspect of health. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, comparative online-based survey study was conducted among 212 participants (diabetic and non-diabetic) aged 18 years and below 60 years visiting SRM General Hospital, between July and August 2021 during the COVID-19, and their self-reported scores were compared two years post-pandemic. A snowball sampling method was employed due to the pandemic's dynamic nature and online data collection feasibility. The RAND SF-36, a widely used 36-item quality-of-life questionnaire, was administered online via Google Forms and distributed through social media platforms and email invitations. Paired t-tests compared quality of life (QOL) during and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Multivariate regression analysis identified independent predictors influencing RAND SF-36 subscale scores. Results: The study involved the collection of responses from a total of 212 participants, with a mean age of 46.61±17.4 years. The RAND SF-36 questionnaire assessed the quality of life (QOL) during and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The results revealed significant differences in the general (45.8±13.0 vs 64.9±19.7; p=0.001) and mental health (53.5±12.3vs. 62.7±12.8, p&lt;0.001) between the two time periods.Furthermore, the study revealed age (β=-0.369, p=0.004, 95%CI [-0.608, -0.101]) and employment status(β=-2.11, p=0.041, 95%CI [ -0.083, -4.139]) showed significant negative association with physical health-related component. In addition, the duration of comorbidities (β=-5.326, p=0.047,95%CI [-11.408, -0.756] gravely affected the mental health component, respectively.&gt; Conclusion: Significant differences were noted in quality of life (QOL) between the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period and after, with lower general health and mental health scores shown in diabetics as compared to non-diabetic individuals. Older age and unemployment were associated with worse physical health QoL, while the longer duration of comorbidities negatively impacted mental health QOL regardless of diabetes status. These findings suggest the pandemic substantially affected various aspects of QoL, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to support vulnerable populations.

Suchismita Rout

Aiswaryah Radhakrishnan

Comparing quality of life difference between diabetics and non-diabetics during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and post-pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional study India

比较糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者在新冠疫情及后疫情时期的生活质量差异：一项基于网络的印度横断面研究

Background: Tinea capitis is a common fungal infection of the scalp in children. Most cases are caused by Microsporum canis or Trichophyton mentagrophyte. Wood lamps screen for tinea capitis by detecting green-yellow fluorescence produced by tryptophan metabolites. Because wood lamps are expensive and replacement parts are difficult to find during maintenance, we have developed a blacklight blue lamp device with a similar wavelength that is cheaper than wood lamps. Objective: To evaluate the BLB lamp device for screening tinea capitis by determining the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy compared to fungus culture (gold standard). Materials and methods: One hundred seventy-five patients with suspected tinea capitis were tested using KOH examination, fungal culture, a Wood lamp, and a blacklight blue lamp device. The research data obtained will be used to analyze the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the blacklight blue lamp device by comparing it using various methods. Results: The analysis assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the blacklight blue lamp device, Wood lamp, and KOH preparation when comparing fungal culture as the standard method for diagnosing tinea capitis. The sensitivity was 99.39%, 100%, and 100%, specificity was 100%, 90.91%, and 100%, and accuracy was 99.43%, 99.43%, and 100%, respectively. The p-value for the three methods’ differences was 0.723 for sensitivity, 0.735 for specificity, and 0.676 for accuracy. These results show that the differences between the two methods’ sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The blacklight blue lamp device effectively screened tinea capitis with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy that were not significantly different from the wood lamp. It may be an inexpensive tool used as a substitute in the health service system.

Sutsarun Prunglumpoo

Buaphet Sriphet

Kitipan Khaonim

Klaichan Intarachaieua

Comparison of the effectiveness of blacklight blue lamp and wood lamp in the screening of tinea capitis

黑光蓝灯与伍德灯在头癣筛查效果的比较

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that affects a person’s way of thinking, his behaviors, and his or her feelings. One of the common symptoms of schizophrenia is depression, and depression can be associated with suicidal thoughts. Attachment-based family therapy is an intervention that was used to treat depression in young adults but has never been used in persons diagnosed with schizophrenia Objective: This study was done to find out the effect of Attachment-based family therapy on reducing depression among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia. Materials and methods: Thirty male participants aged between 25 and 60 years who were already diagnosed with schizophrenia were selected and participated in this study. The participants were divided into 2 groups, with 15 participants in each as experimental and control groups. Beck’s Depression Inventory was used to find out the level of depression in both groups. The experimental group underwent Attachment-Based Family Therapy, whereas the control group attended conventional occupational therapy for 3 months. The SPSS software version was used for data analysis. The descriptive statistics examined the distribution of records to summarize the data. If the p&lt;0.05, it is statistically significant.&gt; &lt;0.05, it is statistically significant. Results: The results of this study showed that Attachment-Based Family Therapy was effective in reducing depression among persons diagnosed with Schizophrenia. Conclusion: The results suggested that Attachment-Based Family Therapy was effective for the experimental group, and the level of depression decreased after the intervention.

Sivapriya S

Mahalakshmi K

Effect of attachment-based family therapy to reduce depression among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia

基于依恋的家庭疗法对减少精神分裂症患者抑郁症状的影响

Background: Nigeria, like many regions worldwide, faces a growing burden of diabetes, prompting increased interest in traditional medicinal practices. Objective: This review examines the efficacy of local medicinal plants in Nigeria for managing diabetes mellitus, focusing on their effects on glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and physiological parameters. Materials and methods: Four commonly used plants, Aloe vera, bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), bitter lemon (Citrus aurantium), and ginger (Zingiber officinale), were scrutinized for their potential therapeutic effects. Results: The literature review revealed numerous studies exploring the antidiabetic properties of these plants, including their ability to lower blood glucose levels, improve insulin sensitivity, and modulate various physiological parameters associated with diabetes. Conclusion: The findings suggest promising avenues for utilizing local medicinal plants in diabetes management, although further research, including clinical trials, is warranted to validate their efficacy and safety.

olusoji Oyesola

Eunice Oluwabunmi Ojo-Adebayo

Oluwaseye Emmanuel Olayemi

Solomon Olawale Adebanjo

Review article: Local medicinal plants in Nigeria for the management of diabetes; an evaluating of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and physiological parameters

综述文章：尼日利亚用于糖尿病管理的本地药用植物；评估葡萄糖代谢、胰岛素敏感性和生理参数

Background: The cough transportability technique reflects changes in mucus rheology. However, the necessity of high airflow rates, such as 8 L/s, to carry out this technique limits its utility, as specialized setups or equipment are required. Objective: This study aims to identify practical alternatives to higher airflow rates and utilize easily accessible equipment, such as mechanical air pumps (2 L/s). Materials and methods: Mucus simulant gel (MSG) of 4 viscoelasticity and sputum from patients with bronchiectasis were collected and prepared. All samples underwent standard airflow cough transport (sCT) and modified cough transport (mCT). Additionally, three rounds of each MSG and two rounds of sputum underwent mCT. Results: A Pearson correlation analysis between mCT and sCT revealed very high (r=0.986, p=0.014) and high (r=0.771, p&lt;0.001) in the MSG and the sputum of bronchiectasis patients, respectively. The test-retest reliability of mCT revealed ICCs of 0.997 and 0.926 in the MSG and sputum of patients with bronchiectasis, respectively.&gt; Conclusion: mCT could be an alternative to sCT, offering a more accessible option for conducting cough transportability

Aung Aung Nwe

Nimit Kosura

Chatchai Phimphasak

Pornthip Barnludech Barnludech

Sithu Aung

Worawat Chumpangern

Guntaragorn Hongrattana

Sujittra Kluayhomthong

Pornanan Domthong

Wipa Reechaipichitkul

Chatchaya Jaimanee

Uraiwon Chatchawan

Wantana Siritaratiwat

Chulee Ubolsakka-Jones

The validity and reliability of modified cough transport outcome using slower airflow for assessing mucus viscoelasticity

改良咳嗽气流速度下评估黏液黏弹性效果的有效性与可靠性

Background: Momordica charantia L., the common name for bitter gourd, frequently used as a vegetable and in traditional medicine to treat wounds, peptic ulcers, parasites, and worms. Regarding of finding alternative ways to cure nosocomial infection caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, bitter gourd in combination with some antibiotics may be a practical choice to reduce the cost of therapy and be devoid of side effects from antibiotics. Objective: This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and synergy effects of ethanol extract from bitter gourd in combination with conventional antibiotics, ampicillin, and oxytetracycline against some drug-resistant bacteria. Materials and methods: The antimicrobial activity was tested by broth microdilution, and the lowest concentration that inhibits the visible growth of each microorganism was recorded as MIC. A checkerboard microdilution assay was designed to test the synergistic effect of bitter gourd extract. A crystal violet staining assay was carried out to test antibiofilm activity Results: The bitter gourd extracted by ethanol revealed antibacterial activity with a MIC range of 1.25-80 mg/mL. Synergistic effects of bitter gourd extract with ampicillin and oxytetracycline were effective against P. mirabilis and drug-resistant P. aeruginosa growth by FICI at 0.141 and 0.63, respectively. The results found that bitter gourd exhibited antibiofilm activities against E. coli ATCC 25922, drugresistant P. aeruginosa, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at 2-4 hours after starting inoculum and the inhibitory efficacy values were 37.62%, 71.14%, and 69.87%, respectively. Conclusion: The ethanol extract from bitter gourd had antibacterial effect, synergy effect when mixed with ampicillin and oxytetracycline.

Wisatre Kongcharoensuntorn

Araya Inthasorn

Chadaphorn Kraekrathok

Sirimas Chiangthong

Wachiraya Dujjanakee

Momordica charantia L. with Oxy Combination of Momordica charantia L. with oxytetracycline enhanced antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against some multidrug-resistant bacteria

苦瓜L.与氧四环素组合对某些多药耐药细菌的抗菌和抗生物膜活性增强

Background: Graduate education, particularly at the master’s and doctoral levels, is crucial in developing advanced professional skills and fostering a researchoriented mindset. However, many students struggle to complete their research due to various motivational and institutional challenges. This literature review examines the factors influencing research completion in graduate school to provide insights into occupational therapy and related health professions, emphasizing the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors. Objective: The primary goals of this review are to (1) identify the intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors that influence research completion, (2) explore the barriers to research completion at the graduate level, and (3) propose motivational strategies that graduate programs can adopt to support research completion among occupational therapy and other health professions. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including the ASEAN Citation Index, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The review focused on studies published between 2010 and 2024 investigating motivational strategies, barriers, and research completion in graduate school. A total of 17 peer-reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to frequency and thematic analyses to identify key themes and patterns. Results: The thematic analysis revealed four key themes: (1) intrinsic motivation and personal growth, (2) external support and institutional resources, (3) barriers to research completion, and (4) improving support systems. The findings highlight that intrinsic factors such as personal satisfaction and ambition are crucial for research completion, while external factors like mentorship, institutional resources, and cultural context play significant roles. Identified barriers include imposter syndrome, inadequate supervision, and time management challenges. Enhancing mentorship, strengthening institutional support, and developing student skills are recommended to improve research completion rates. Conclusion: This review underscores the importance of addressing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors to support research completion among graduate students in occupational therapy and related health professions. By implementing targeted strategies that enhance mentorship, provide robust institutional support, and develop essential research skills, graduate programs can significantly improve research outcomes and advance evidence-based practice in health professions.

Paolo Miguel Bulan

Bea Katrina Andrino

Shanielle Marie Villa

Gyle Baluran

Efren Valiente

Asonita Parmisana

Glenda Leslie Baker

Edna B Cameron

Emmalyn B Cutamora

Nikki Pestaño

John Ray Suerte

Brian Anthony Pasaol

Motivational factors influencing research completion: A literature review for occupational therapy and health professions

影响研究完成的动力因素：职业治疗与健康专业的文献综述

Background: The field of entrepreneurship poses significant challenges for undergraduate students and physical therapists in Thailand. Entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial courses in the physical therapy curriculum, and personality qualities are likely the prominent influencers. The social-environmental factors, access to resources, and perceptions of opportunity are also suggested to play a role of the secondary influencers on entrepreneurship. Regrettably, there is a lack of empirical evidence about the impact of these effects on entrepreneurial concepts within physical therapy. Objective: This study aimed to ascertain the mutual correlation and assess the primary and secondary influencers for entrepreneurship among undergraduate students and physical therapists. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 physical therapy students and general physical therapists. An online, structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale for primary and secondary influencing factors was designed. All questions’ content validity and reliability were determined before being applied to all respondents, and a significant relationship was identified with Barlette’s test. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure (KMO) and the measure of sample adequacy (MSA) were used to assess the overall feasibility of factorial analysis. Finally, the IBM SPSS AMOS program analyzed the influence on entrepreneurship with structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The results from 120 responses (74 females and 46 males), 64 undergraduate students, and 56 general physical therapists were 25.81±6.62 years (21-51 years old). All questions showed good reliability. All influencing factors showed a significant relationship and feasibility through factor analysis (FA). Furthermore, the primary factors showed that personality traits strongly influenced entrepreneurship compared to entrepreneurial intention. However, the curriculum had a meager impact. In addition, secondary influencing factors, such as opportunity perception, access to resources, and social-environment factors, highly influence entrepreneurship. Conclusion: Personality traits and entrepreneurial intention are the most influencing factors, but the course in the curriculum is less influential for entrepreneurship. On the other hand, opportunity perception, access to resources, and social/environmental factors are also the secondary strong influencing factors among physical therapy students and general physical therapists.

Jirakrit Leelarungrayub

Bordin Phayaphrom

Mohammad Rahimee Ibrahim

The roadblocks to business ownership: Analyzing the challenges Thai physical therapists face despite entrepreneurial education

企业所有权的障碍：分析泰国物理治疗师在创业教育背景下面临的挑战

Pornthip Barnludech

改良咳嗽输送结果在低气流下评估粘液粘弹性的有效性和可靠性

Publication Information	Publisher: Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: Yes
Basic data	Year of publication: 2019，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：8 Weeks

Journal of Associated Medical Sciences

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Evaluation of stress measurement using a wrist-worn device in volunteer subjects under Thai massage and cardio-exercise treatment

Comparing quality of life difference between diabetics and non-diabetics during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and post-pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional study India

Comparison of the effectiveness of blacklight blue lamp and wood lamp in the screening of tinea capitis

Effect of attachment-based family therapy to reduce depression among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia

Review article: Local medicinal plants in Nigeria for the management of diabetes; an evaluating of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and physiological parameters

The validity and reliability of modified cough transport outcome using slower airflow for assessing mucus viscoelasticity

Momordica charantia L. with Oxy Combination of Momordica charantia L. with oxytetracycline enhanced antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against some multidrug-resistant bacteria

Motivational factors influencing research completion: A literature review for occupational therapy and health professions

The roadblocks to business ownership: Analyzing the challenges Thai physical therapists face despite entrepreneurial education

The validity and reliability of modified cough transport outcome using slower airflow for assessing mucus viscoelasticity

ISSN	2539-6056
h-index	4