Anthropocene Coasts

Abstract The Bay of Bengal has been at the heart of human civilisation and trade for many centuries. Accordingly, this oceanic space has seen influx of people from around the world including European traders who plundered natural wealth of this region for many years. Unabated exploitation of natural resources has been the primary reason for deterioration of environment of this part of the world. To add to this, supporting a growing population through unsustainable anthropogenic activities for decades is considered a primary cause for deterioration of marine life, habitats, coastal and marine ecosystems and numerous ocean ecosystem services of this oceanic space. Since the health of the oceanic space is critical for survival of life of Earth, a detailed study of the impacts of a growing population on the coastal environment of the Bay is considered important. Unfortunately, since the anthropogenic activities causing this deterioration are numerous, they cannot be covered in one paper. Hence, only a select few critical anthropogenic activities causing coastal erosion, resource degradation, and marine pollution are being analysed here. The study shows that as a result of increasing population, terrestrial activities such as increasing built up area, industries, land use activities, fisheries and aquaculture, and construction of shore protection structures have resulted in reduced coastal vegetation and increased pollution of the ocean. As a result the coastal landscape is witnessing increased coastal erosion, coastal flooding and inundation, loss of vegetation and faunal communities especially fishes. While local initiatives and projects reflect a positive commitment to address resource degradation and to create resilient coastal ecosystems, these efforts need to be transformed into achievements by dedicated and nuanced involvement of all stakeholders, especially the public, for the desired results.

Cherdvong Saengsupavanich

Nitin Agarwala

Ikha Magdalena

Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake

Vinsensia Ferren

Impacts of a growing population on the coastal environment of the Bay of Bengal

孟加拉湾沿海地区人口增长对环境的影响

Abstract Coastal regions worldwide face increasing threats from climate change-induced hazards, necessitating more accurate and comprehensive vulnerability assessment tools. This study introduces an innovative approach to coastal vulnerability assessment by integrating Bayesian Networks (BN) with the modern coastal vulnerability (CV) framework. The resulting BN-CV model was applied to Queensland's coastal regions, with a particular focus on tide-modified and tide-dominated beaches, which constitute over 85% of the studied area. The research methodology involved beach classification based on morphodynamic characteristics, spatial subdivision of Queensland's coast into 78 sections, and the application of the BN-CV model to analyze interactions between geomorphological features and oceanic dynamics. This approach achieved over 90% accuracy in correlating beach types with vulnerability factors, significantly outperforming traditional CVI applications. Key findings include the identification of vulnerability hotspots and the creation of detailed exposure and sensitivity maps for Gold Coast City, Redland City, Brisbane City, and the Sunshine Coast Regional area. The study revealed spatial variability in coastal vulnerability, providing crucial insights for targeted management strategies. The BN-CV model demonstrates superior precision and customization capabilities, offering a more nuanced understanding of coastal vulnerability in regions with diverse beach typologies. This research advocates for the adoption of the BN-CV approach to inform tailored coastal planning and management strategies, emphasizing the need for regular reassessments and sustained stakeholder engagement to build resilience against climate change impacts. Recommendations include prioritizing adaptive infrastructure in high-exposure areas like the Gold Coast, enhancing flood management in Brisbane, improving socio-economic adaptive capacity in Redland, and maintaining natural defences in Moreton Bay. This study contributes significantly to the field of coastal risk management, providing a robust tool for policymakers and coastal managers to develop more effective strategies for building coastal resilience in the face of climate change.

Ahmet Durap

Mapping coastal resilience: a Gis-based Bayesian network approach to coastal hazard identification for Queensland’s dynamic shorelines

绘制海岸韧性：基于GIS的贝叶斯网络方法用于昆士兰动态海岸线的沿海灾害识别

Abstract Small island developing States, such as those in the Pacific, are often prone to multiple hazards that have potential to result in disaster and / or restrict development. Hazard data can be limited in resolution or omitted in or near SIDS’ coasts, but a growing and improved range of datasets are becoming available. Through an analysis of approximately 100 policy documents on hazards and disaster risk management in Pacific island nations, we found: limited information on hazards and how they manifest to disasters at local levels, thus not fully connecting drivers and subsequent risk; at times a non-specific multi-hazard approach prompting the need to address more specific hazards; and restricted temporal and spatial scales of analysis that potentially limit continuity of actions where mitigation methods evolve. These limitations suggest that appropriate and timely high resolution hazard data is needed from the top-down to underpin the design and development of local disaster risk management plans, simultaneous to local, bottom-up knowledge and interpretation to bring the realities of such hazard data to life. Developing and ensuring openly available hazard data will enable island States to develop more robust, inclusive disaster risk management plans and mitigation policies, plus aid inter-island comparison for communal learning.

Sally Brown

Susan E. Hanson

David Sear

Christopher Hill

Craig W. Hutton

Assessing hazards and disaster risk on the coast for Pacific small island developing States: the need for a data-driven approach

评估太平洋小岛屿发展中国家的海岸灾害和灾害风险：数据驱动方法的必要性

Abstract The estuary is highly dynamic and sensitive to external and internal forcing. We examine a chain reaction of hydrodynamic and morphodynamic responses to a series of land reclamation projects during the period 1997 to 2017 in the North Branch of the Changjiang Estuary through the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) comparison and the numerical simulation by the Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM). The results show that tidal amplification was further strengthened by the artificially reduced channel volume in the middle and upper segments of the North Branch due to the implementation of several large-scale land-reclamation projects in the first stage (1997–2007), and the channel siltation in the middle and upper segments was in turn further promoted by the increased tidal flows with flood dominance. In the second stage (2007–2017), tidal amplification was relaxed by the channel narrowing project at the lower segment and the waterway improvement project through channel dredging works at the middle and upper segments. Contemporary erosion volume was almost balanced by the accretion volume in the North Branch because of the weakening dominance of flood over ebb flows. Spatiotemporal variation in channel accretion and erosion patterns in response to estuarine engineering projects was vividly mirrored by the change of simulated bed shear stress in that the areas with increased (decreased) bed shear stress underwent severe erosion (accretion). These findings highlight again the dynamic feature of tide-dominated estuaries and the importance of simulation tools to the estuarine management.

Qi Zhang

Daidu Fan

Tao Feng

Junbiao Tu

Xingjie Guo

Impacts of land reclamation projects on hydrodynamics and morphodynamics in the highly altered North Branch of the Changjiang Estuary

长江口北支土地复垦工程对水动力和地貌动力学的影响

Shu Gao

Ian Townend

Anthropocene Coasts: 5 years on

人类世海岸：5年回顾

Abstract Field observations on storm induced beach changes are important to improve our effort on beach management. This study compared storm induced beach changes caused by hurricane Hermine in 2016 (4 years after a beach nourishment) and Tropical Storm Eta in 2020 (2 years after a beach renourishment) along the barrier-island coast of west-central Florida. Pre-Eta beach were 1 to 2 times wider than that of pre-Hermine. Since Hurricane Hermine and TS Eta generated a similar hydrodynamic condition for the study site, comparing beach changes induced by these two storms provides a unique opportunity to investigate the response of different antecedent beach conditions to energetic events. The shore protection effect of beach nourishment is apparently evidenced by the fact that post-Eta shoreline was located seaward of those post-Hermine at half of the beach-profile locations in the study area. The shore protection effect in the subaerial portion of the beach, however, is not obvious for the other half of beach profiles where shoreline positions were retreated to similar locations after these two storms. Instead, their shore protection effect occurred in the sub-aqueous portion of the beach and was indicated by higher sandbar crests located closer to the shoreline, which can dissipate and reduce incoming wave energy. The shoreline elevation needs to be properly defined (Mean High Water vs Mean Low Water line) as it is used as a proxy to represent beach volume loss. For Hermine induced beach change, no significant correlation exists between MHW line change and beach volume loss. While a significant correlation exists between MHW line change and beach volume loss induced by TS Eta. This correlation pattern switched if the shoreline here is defined as mean low water line. For efficient beach/shoreline management, multiple proxies (e.g., sandbar height and location of its crest and trough) in addition to shoreline change should be used to assess the performance of beach nourishment project.

Jun Cheng

Ping Wang

Elizabeth Royer

Dallas Ragusa

Shalini Katwal

Cecilia Limon Nocelo

Effects of nourished beach morphology on storm response

营养海滩形态对风暴响应的影响

Abstract Vibrio spp. is a group of heterotrophic bacteria that are ubiquitous in marine habitats, with various ecological and clinical importance. This study investigated the environmental factors that regulate Vibrio spp. dynamics in various tropical marine habitats, including nearshore (an estuary and a coastal beach) and offshore transects located northwest and southeast of Peninsular Malaysia, while focusing on the distribution of attached and free-living Vibrio spp., population growth, and community composition. The results showed that &gt; 85% of the Vibrio spp. in nearshore waters occurred in attached form and correlated positively to total suspended solids (TSS) and Chlorophyll a (Chl a ) concentrations. On the other hand, Vibrio spp. growth rates were positively correlated to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, but negatively correlated to total bacterial counts, likely due to resource competition. In addition, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA V3-V4 region showed that Vibrio spp. in these tropical waters contributed &lt; 1 − 18% of the whole bacterioplankton community, and the six major Vibrio spp. taxa were V. alginolyticus group, V . brasiliensis, V. caribbeanicus, V. hepatarius group, V. splendidus group and V. thalassae . db-RDA (cumulative variance explicated = 93.53%) further revealed the influence of TSS, DOC, and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) to the Vibrio spp. community profiles. The study highlighted the importance of suspended solids (TSS and Chl a ) and dissolved organic nutrients (DOC and DON) towards Vibrio spp. dynamics in tropical marine waters.

Yi You Wong

Choon Weng Lee

Chui Wei Bong

Joon Hai Lim

Ching Ching Ng

Kumaran Narayanan

Edmund Ui Hang Sim

Ai-jun Wang

Environmental factors that regulate Vibrio spp. abundance and community structure in tropical waters

调控热带水域中弧菌属丰度及群落结构的环境因素

Abstract In Myanmar, the advancement of the integrated rice-fish farming system legs behind rice monoculture farming, and there exists limited awareness of its advantages. Ecosystem services (ES) valuation plays a crucial role in integrated environmental decision-making, promoting sustainable agriculture practices, facilitating land-use planning, and ensuring food security in rural areas. Assessing the ES value in Delta region of Myanmar where rice-fish coculture is extensively practiced is essential for understanding the level of ES benefits derived from this farming system. The objective of this study is to promote the development of the rice-fish coculture system in delta region by estimating its ES value. We conducted a comprehensive examination of the Direct, Indirect, Option and Existence ES value of the rice-fish and rice monoculture in Maubin District, an area where rice-fish development research is being actively carried out within the delta region. The results revealed that the ES value of rice-fish coculture ecosystems in the study area was amounted to 28,588 US$/hm 2 /year. This value was 2.82% higher than rice monoculture system. Additionally, the rice-fish coculture system yielded product provisional values averaging 1,275 US$/hm 2 /year, representing a significant increase of 40.3% compared to rice monoculture farming. Our study shows that the adoption of rice-fish coculture farming system not only improves the ES value of the delta region, but also supports food security and socio-economic well-being. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights for policymakers on effective management policies for future development of the rice-fish coculture ecosystem.

Arkar Myo

Oluwafemi Ajayi

Fei Huang

Yongxu Cheng

Jiayao Li

Valuation of ecosystem service of rice-fish coculture in Maubin District, Myanmar

缅甸毛宾地区稻鱼共养生态系统服务价值评估

短名	Anthropocene Coasts
Journal Impact	1.46
国际分区	OCEANOGRAPHY(Q3)

ISSN	2561-4150
h-index	12

出版信息	出版商: Springer International Publishing AG，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2018，原创研究文献占比: 91.67%，自引率:， Gold OA占比: 94.44%

Anthropocene Coasts

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Impacts of a growing population on the coastal environment of the Bay of Bengal

Mapping coastal resilience: a Gis-based Bayesian network approach to coastal hazard identification for Queensland’s dynamic shorelines

Assessing hazards and disaster risk on the coast for Pacific small island developing States: the need for a data-driven approach

Impacts of land reclamation projects on hydrodynamics and morphodynamics in the highly altered North Branch of the Changjiang Estuary

Anthropocene Coasts: 5 years on

Impacts of a growing population on the coastal environment of the Bay of Bengal

Mapping coastal resilience: a Gis-based Bayesian network approach to coastal hazard identification for Queensland’s dynamic shorelines

Effects of nourished beach morphology on storm response

Environmental factors that regulate Vibrio spp. abundance and community structure in tropical waters

Valuation of ecosystem service of rice-fish coculture in Maubin District, Myanmar