Frontiers in Oral Health

Dental mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells present in dental tissues, characterized by plastic adherence in culture and specific surface markers (CD105, CD73, CD90, STRO-1, CD106, and CD146), common to all other MSC subtypes. Dental pulp, periodontal ligament, apical papilla, human exfoliated deciduous teeth, alveolar bone, dental follicle, tooth germ, and gingiva are all different sources for isolation and expansion of MSCs. Dental MSCs have regenerative and immunomodulatory properties; they are scarcely immunogenic but actively modulate T cell reactivity. in vitro studies and animal models of autoimmune diseases have provided evidence for the suppressive effects of dental MSCs on peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, clearance of apoptotic cells, and promotion of a shift in the Treg/Th17 cell ratio. Appropriately stimulated MSCs produce anti-inflammatory mediators, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), prostaglandin E2, and interleukin (IL)-10. A particular mechanism through which MSCs exert their immunomodulatory action is via the production of extracellular vesicles containing such anti-inflammatory mediators. Recent studies demonstrated MSC-mediated inhibitory effects both on monocytes and activated macrophages, promoting their polarization to an anti-inflammatory M2-phenotype. A growing number of trials focusing on MSCs to treat autoimmune and inflammatory conditions are ongoing, but very few use dental tissue as a cellular source. Recent results suggest that dental MSCs are a promising therapeutic tool for immune-mediated disorders. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for dental MSC-mediated immunosuppression remain to be clarified, and impairment of dental MSCs immunosuppressive function in inflammatory conditions and aging must be assessed before considering autologous MSCs or their secreted vesicles for therapeutic purposes.

Alessia Paganelli

Oriana Trubiani

Francesca Diomede

Alessandra Pisciotta

Roberto Paganelli

Immunomodulating Profile of Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Comprehensive Overview

牙源性间充质基质细胞的免疫调节特性：全面综述

EDITORIAL article Front. Oral. Health, 12 July 2022Sec. Oral Infections and Microbes https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2022.971191

Christopher W. Cutler

Gill Diamond

Editorial: Cellular Mechanisms of Aging and Longevity in Oral Health and Disease

述评：口腔健康与疾病中的衰老和长寿细胞机制

Ricardo D. Coletta

W. Andrew Yeudall

Tuula Salo

Current trends on prevalence, risk factors and prevention of oral cancer

口腔癌的流行趋势、危险因素及预防现状

Background COVID-19 is a respiratory disease, and its symptoms may be affected by the upper airways of adolescents. Objective To investigate the effect of parameters of adolescents’ upper airways on COVID-19 symptom severity. Methods This retrospective study was performed from January to March 2022 at the Hospital of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China. The inclusion criteria were patients who started orthodontic treatment for the first time, who experienced initial onset of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, and who received two intramuscular doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Participants’ COVID-19 symptom severity was recorded by a questionnaire including seven different dimensions. The three-dimensional parameters of the upper airway were obtained by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and measured by Dolphin Imaging software by blinded orthodontic investigators. The correlation between COVID-19 symptom severity and three-dimensional upper airway parameters was analyzed. Results 64 males (46.4%) and 74 females (53.6%) were included in the study, with the median age of 9.5 years. The severity score of dimension 3 (headache, muscle pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, diarrhea and smell affects) showed a linear relationship with age. Spearman's rank correlation showed that the severity score of dimension 1 (nasal symptoms) was negatively correlated with nasal volume ( r = −0.325). The severity score of dimension 6 was negatively correlated with the height of the nasopharynx ( r = −0.325) and positively correlated with the horizontal-to-vertical ratio of the oropharynx ( r = 0.385). Conclusions and relevance The COVID-19 symptom severity was aggravated with the increase of age. Nasal and throat pain and dry mouth was negatively correlated with nasal volume and nasopharyngeal height. The COVID-19 symptom severity among individuals is relavant to age and upper airway.

Tianjing Du

Juan Wang

Peter Mei

Dongning Li

Jiamin Zhao

Jianglin Zhou

Jun Wang

Yifei Xu

Kun Qi

The relationship between upper airway parameters and COVID-19 symptom severity in adolescents

青少年上呼吸道参数与COVID-19症状严重程度的关系

Objectives To evaluate the possible changes of the oral microbiome during myelosuppressive chemotherapy (CT) and to investigate the potential relationship between the oral microbiome, the presence of oral mucositis (OM) and febrile neutropenia (FN). Methods A prospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted in patients receiving myelosuppressive CT for a solid tumor or lymphoma. Oral rinsing samples were retrieved before, during and after the start of CT, but also when OM or FN was present. The samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and statistical analysis was performed using alpha (Shannon) and beta (PERMANOVA) diversity analyses. Furthermore, differential abundances were analyzed using ALDEx2v1.32.0. Differences between groups were calculated using the Mann Whitney U -test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank using R. Results Forty-six patients, with a mean follow up of 114 days, were included for analysis and a total of 138 oral rinsing samples were available in the CLR-transformed data for PERMANOVA and 137 samples—for alpha diversity calculation. Significant changes in alpha diversity were seen when OM or FN was present. Moreover, significant changes were seen in beta diversity during the course of the CT treatment and when OM was present. Genera showing substantial changes in relative abundance were Streptococcus during the course of CT treatment and Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Selenomonas, Actinomyces and Leptotrichia when OM was present. Conclusion Changes in the oral microbiome were observed during the CT-regimen and when OM was present. Furthermore, changes of the oral microbiota during FN episodes were observed; however, larger studies should be performed to substantiate our results.

Judith A. E. M. Zecha

Judith E. Raber-Durlacher

Bernd W. Brandt

Mark J. Buijs

Egija Zaura

Jan de Lange

Ludwig E. Smeele

Alexa M. G. A. Laheij

Oral microbial changes, oral mucositis and febrile neutropenia during myelosuppressive chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with a solid tumor or lymphoma

实体瘤或淋巴瘤患者在接受骨髓抑制性化疗期间口腔微生物变化、口腔黏膜炎和发热性中性粒细胞减少症

Objectives The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of a pretherapeutic Multidisciplinary Tumor Board (MTB) presentation on the prognosis and treatment outcomes in patients with primary oral cavity carcinoma. Materials and methods This single-center study included 630 patients diagnosed with oral cavity carcinoma treated between 2010 and 2020. The study cohort was divided in a group with and without pretherapeutic MTB presentation. Data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment and the time to treatment initiation (TTI) were collected retrospectively. Results Primary findings revealed no significant difference in 3-year survival rate (3-YSR) and 3-year disease-free survival rate (3-YDFSR) for the non-MTB and MTB group. The 3-YSR was 73.1% in the non-MTB group and 67.1% in the MTB group ( p = 0.112). The 3-YDFSR was 73.8% in the non-MTB group and 76.5% in the MTB group ( p = 0.447). Estimated mean 5-year survival (5-YS) and 5-year disease-free survival in (5-YDFS) did not differ significantly between both groups, across the UICC stages I-IV, as well as for the entire cohort. The TTI was significantly longer in the MTB group (33.5 days, CI: 31.3;35.7) compared to the non-MTB group (20.1 days, CI: 17.9;22.4, p &amp;lt; 0.001). The MTB group adhered more frequently to the national guidelines (68% vs. 79.6%, p &amp;lt; 0.01). Conclusion The results demonstrate both positive and negative side effects of the MTB presentation in patients with oral cavity cancer. Further multicenter studies will be required to assess the impact of TTI and adherence to guidelines on the survival of oral cavity cancer patients.

Valentin Burkhardt

Katharina El-Shabrawi

Sarah Riemann

Pit Voss

Christoph Becker

Multidisciplinary tumor boards in oral cavity cancer: survival effect due to balancing guideline adherence and treatment delays

口腔癌多学科肿瘤委员会：平衡指南依从性与治疗延迟的生存效应

Introduction Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder often linked to distinct craniofacial features and malocclusions. While orthodontic treatments, particularly maxillary expansion and mandibular advancement, have been suggested for managing this condition, the results remain controversial and are based on low-quality evidence. This paper aims to summarize the ongoing debates on this topic by reviewing relevant literature and highlighting the role of the orthodontist in diagnosing and managing OSA in daily clinical practice. Discussion and conclusions According to the present review, there is insufficient evidence to either confirm or deny the effectiveness of oral appliances for treating pediatric OSA due to significant methodological limitations, such as small sample sizes, inadequate control groups, short study durations, and a lack of long-term follow-up. Additionally, this condition cannot be diagnosed solely based on craniofacial morphology, but an interdisciplinary evaluation is strictly required. In addition, orthopedic treatment may be considered only as an adjunct therapy for children with craniofacial anomalies increasing the risk for OSA, and the combination of multiple therapeutic approaches may be necessary to achieve effective treatment outcomes.

Daniel J. Rinchuse

Andrea Boggio

Antonio Manni

Mauro Cozzani

Avoid overstepping the bounds of evidence: the role of the orthodontist in managing pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea

避免超越证据的界限：正畸医生在管理儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停中的作用

短名	Front. Oral. Health
Journal Impact	2.88
国际分区	DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE(Q1)

ISSN	2673-4842
h-index	16

涉及主题	医学内科学生物病理牙科遗传学化学生物化学口腔正畸科免疫学地质学古生物学外科心理学疾病癌症社会学家庭医学数学
出版信息	出版商: Frontiers Media SA，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 是
基本数据	创刊年份: 2020，原创研究文献占比: 0.00%，自引率:0.00%， Gold OA占比: 99.68%
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Immunomodulating Profile of Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Comprehensive Overview

Editorial: Cellular Mechanisms of Aging and Longevity in Oral Health and Disease

Current trends on prevalence, risk factors and prevention of oral cancer

The relationship between upper airway parameters and COVID-19 symptom severity in adolescents

Oral microbial changes, oral mucositis and febrile neutropenia during myelosuppressive chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with a solid tumor or lymphoma

Multidisciplinary tumor boards in oral cavity cancer: survival effect due to balancing guideline adherence and treatment delays

The relationship between upper airway parameters and COVID-19 symptom severity in adolescents

Oral microbial changes, oral mucositis and febrile neutropenia during myelosuppressive chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with a solid tumor or lymphoma

Current trends on prevalence, risk factors and prevention of oral cancer

Avoid overstepping the bounds of evidence: the role of the orthodontist in managing pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea