Biological Models Research and Technology Journal

This study describes an outbreak of alopecia in laboratory rats caused by the saprophytic fungi Scopulariopsis brevicaulis in a Brazilian lab animal facility. Initially, lesions were identified only in females during the lactation period, which showed circumscribed areas with alopecia without pruritus extensively at the abdomen and the medial side of the thighs. Later during the course of the infection, skin lesions affected both genders reaching about 10% of the colony. Skin scrapings, hair, and environmental samples from the facility were sent for analysis. The cultures were carried out in Sabouraud agar and over seven days fast-growing colonies varying in color from white to brown were observed. Micromorphology showed mycelium and characteristic ringworms of the fungus S. brevicaulis. There is a similar report of an outbreak of this fungus in Turkey. To date, this is the first report in the literature of the fungus S. brevicaulis causing disease in laboratory rats in Brazil.

Giovanny Augusto Camacho Antevere Mazzarotto

Rosana Cé Bella Cruz

Daniele Masseli Rodrigues Demolin

Rovilson Gilioli

Marcel Frajblat

Biological Models Research and Technology

Scopulariopsis brevicaulis fungal outbreak in laboratory rats

短帚霉在实验室大鼠中的爆发

A infecÃ§Ã£o por Oxyuridae constitui um problema nas barreiras sanitÃ¡rias em colÃ´nias de roedores, tendo em vista que esta Ã© a famÃ­lia de parasito mais encontrada em instalaÃ§Ãµes de animais de laboratÃ³rio, especialmente a espÃ©cie Syphacia obvelata. Camundongos outbred stock Swiss Webster apresentam sinais clÃ­nicos quando associados com elevada carga parasitÃ¡ria e, geralmente, Ã© observado um aumento no nÃºmero de animais com prolapso retal. O controle desse parasito e outros patÃ³genos Ã© realizado mediante monitoramento sanitÃ¡rio trimestral, conforme as recomendaÃ§Ãµes da FederaÃ§Ã£o das AssociaÃ§Ãµes Europeias de CiÃªncia de Animais de LaboratÃ³rio (FELASA). O diagnÃ³stico pelo mÃ©todo de Graham Ã© determinante para a pesquisa dos ovos atravÃ©s de impressÃ£o de fita adesiva na regiÃ£o perianal do animal no inÃ­cio do ciclo do oxiurÃ­deo. Foi realizada uma anÃ¡lise comparativa entre os mÃ©todos de Graham e o exame direto da mucosa intestinal para diagnÃ³stico de S. obvelata de 60 camundongos sentinelas fÃªmeas outbred stock Swiss webster, procedentes de instalaÃ§Ãµes de roedores de um biotÃ©rio de criaÃ§Ã£o. Os resultados mostraram uma diferenÃ§a significativa entre o mÃ©todo de Graham e o exame direto da mucosa intestinal (p > 0,001 a 95%, teste de Fisher exato), com uma prevalÃªncia de 50% de ovos do parasito pela tÃ©cnica de Graham e 8,33% pelo exame direto da mucosa intestinal, que detectou todas as formas do parasito. Pelo exame direto, alÃ©m de ovos, foram identificadas outras formas do parasito, como: larvas, fÃªmeas adultas e machos adultos. Concluiu-se que a tÃ©cnica de Graham Ã© capaz de ampliar o espectro de identificaÃ§Ã£o de S. obvelata, pois detecta com maior precisÃ£o a presenÃ§a de ovos do parasita, uma vez que a fita adesiva demonstra que as fÃªmeas adultas grÃ¡vidas migram para o Ã¢nus antes de morrer, depositando seus ovos na regiÃ£o perianal do hospedeiro. Sendo assim, o mÃ©todo de Graham deve ser adicionado ao programa de monitoramento sanitÃ¡rio, associado aos outros rotineiramente empregados no controle da qualidade de animais de laboratÃ³rio, contribuindo com as condutas de manejo da criaÃ§Ã£o animal em prol do controle e erradicaÃ§Ã£o do agente em questÃ£o.

Incerlande Soares dos Santos

Carla Santana da Silva

Cleber Hooper da Silva

Thaynara Oliveira da Silva

Iarine Fiuza

Simone Ramos

Lilian Gonçalves de Carvalho

Márcia Cristina Ribeiro Andrade

Eficácia do método de graham para o diagnóstico de Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802) no monitoramento sanitário de camundongos Swiss Webster de um biotério de criação

格拉汉姆法在瑞士韦伯斯特小鼠养殖场卫生监测中诊断斯氏管状线虫（Rudolphi, 1802）的有效性

In digital curation, data are essential for actions, enabling better administrative management and greater efficiency in a sector or activity. In a research animal facility, the collection of management data associated with management systems or control sheets is the basis for ensuring quality information that subsidizes research and generates performance indicators and the needs and challenges to be transposed in the breeding and maintenance of animals. The inconsistency of data or incomplete records compromises the choices adopted in husbandry management practices or the interpretation of research results. For this reason, a survey was carried out about software available on the market that helps laboratory animal facilities with the management regarding software used in non-human primate breeding institutions (NHP) for scientific or conservation purposes. We identified 38 software that supports the handling of lab animals used in biomedical research; most of them with functionalities of environmental control (63.15%), control of animal files/tags (63.15%), and control of reproductive management (60%) and only two software related to the management of nonhuman primates kept under human care in research institutions. Regarding the tools used to manage the breeding of non-human primates in captivity in Brazilian institutions, five of the institutions questioned and reported that none currently uses software for colony management. In conclusion, there are several software for managing laboratory animals, but most of them are geared toward the management of rodent animal facilities. There is a lack of specific software on the market for use in animal facilities managing non-human primate breeding, which indicates the need for software developed to meet the management needs of animal facilities for these facilities.

Natália Francelin Gomes Cordeiro de Lima

Klena Sarges Marruaz da Silva

Igor Machado de Castro

Tatiana Kugelmeier

Information management in laboratory animal facilities for non-human primates: what we have been using in Brazil

巴西非人灵长类动物实验室设施中的信息管理：我们在巴西所采用的方法

O uso de animais Ã© uma importante etapa no desenvolvimento cientÃ­fico e tecnolÃ³gico. PorÃ©m, a maioria das pessoas desconhece que hÃ¡ conceitos Ã©ticos preconizados na ciÃªncia de animais de laboratÃ³rio como Bemestar Animal e o princÃ­pio dos 3Rs (do inglÃªs: substituir, reduzir e aperfeiÃ§oar). Desta forma, a divulgaÃ§Ã£o desse conhecimento Ã© necessÃ¡ria durante a formaÃ§Ã£o educacional do estudante, tendo em vista os alunos como comunicadores cientÃ­ficos na sociedade. Assim, nosso estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento de alunos do ensino mÃ©dio de escolas particulares e pÃºblicas da regiÃ£o Centro-Leste do estado de SÃ£o Paulo, atravÃ©s de formulÃ¡rio online sobre a temÃ¡tica do conhecimento bÃ¡sico sobre a ciÃªncia de animais de laboratÃ³rio, princÃ­pios Ã©ticos, bem-estar animal, 3Rs e uso de animais em pesquisa cientÃ­fica. Em nosso estudo, 40 alunos responderam o questionÃ¡rio online. Destes 25% nÃ£o souberam qual a finalidade do uso de animais em pesquisas, 90% nunca visitaram ou estiveram em um laboratÃ³rio que trabalha com pesquisa biomÃ©dica, e 62,5% a maioria, nunca ouviram falar nos conceitos de Bem-estar animal e 3Rs. A maioria dos adolescentes acredita que a principal contribuiÃ§Ã£o do uso de animais de laboratÃ³rio se limita na elaboraÃ§Ã£o de vacinas, medicamentos e soros. Sendo assim, concluÃ­mos que a inserÃ§Ã£o de conteÃºdos temÃ¡ticos, participaÃ§Ã£o dos alunos em projetos de extensÃ£o e debates sobre a ciÃªncia de animais de laboratÃ³rio sÃ£o extremamente necessÃ¡rias na formaÃ§Ã£o educacional, de modo a disseminar a compreensÃ£o sobre o assunto e evitar a propagaÃ§Ã£o de falsos conhecimentos. Arquivo Suplementar:

Sara Bonara Ferreira

Andressa Valim Parca

Daniele dos Santos Martins

Percepção do uso de animais de laboratório entre alunos do ensino médio de 11 escolas da região Centro-Leste do estado de São Paulo

圣保罗州中东部地区11所高中学生对实验室动物使用情况的认知

After analgesic administration, we evaluated general activity in the Open-Field and anxiety-like behavior in the Elevated Plus Maze of vasectomized mice. We divided C57BL/6J male mice into eight groups: saline, three non-operated control groups treated with 10 mg/kg meloxicam, 20 mg/kg tramadol, or both intraperitoneally, and four vasectomized mice groups treated with the same analgesic protocol as the control groups. One group of vasectomized mice received both treatments and an additional 10 mg/kg lidocaine at the incision site. We conducted the vasectomy via scrotal approach under isoflurane inhalation anesthesia and performed behavioral tests after full anesthesia recovery. Mice treated with meloxicam demonstrated low ambulation, spontaneous activity, and rearing frequency. Mice treated with tramadol showed spontaneous behavior compared with the saline control. Due to behavior changes demonstrated by meloxicam controls, we were unable to identify whether meloxicam provided adequate analgesia. Vasectomized mice treated with tramadol showed general activity behavior similar to their control but displayed significantly less rearing, suggesting that they were under potential signs of pain or discomfort. In conclusion, the Open Field test and the Elevated Plus Maze can usefully pre-evaluate analgesic protocols to identify possible interference caused by adverse drug effects. For future directions, an appropriate regimen of meloxicam and tramadol for enhancing mice welfare post-vasectomy should be better investigated.

Ana Tada Fonseca Brasil Antiorio

Jilma Alemán-Laporte

Mariana de Souza Aranha Garcia-Gomes

Dennis Albert Zanatto

Pedro Kenzo Yamamoto

Danilo Wadt

Luciana Cintra

Maria Martha Bernardi

Claudia Madalena Cabrera Mori

Assessment of general activity and anxietylike behavior in mice following tramadol and meloxicam administration for managing immediate post-operative pain

评估曲马多和美洛昔康用于术后即刻镇痛后小鼠一般活动及焦虑样行为的变化

Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the world. This is because current interventions are effective only in a narrow window of time. To prolong the period in which the interventions are effective, several in vivo animal models have been developed, among which an ischemic stroke is induced by introduction of an intraluminal catheter through the internal carotid artery or by inoculation of a thrombus into the common carotid artery. However, these models are not easy to execute in regions where access to specialized surgical material is difficult. We propose a study in a cadaveric model with Wistar rats with the aim of producing a surgical approach, like that achieved by introducing an intraluminal catheter at the base of the middle cerebral artery, using resources that are easily accessible to any laboratory. 40 rat carcasses, watchmaker tweezers, 0.17 mm diameter nylon suture and silicone were used to produce catheters, office clips, disposable cauterizer, 0.6 mm diameter soft wire as vascular clamp and hypodermic needles G -22 and G-32. Two surgical techniques for intraluminal introduction and occlusion are described. It was possible to introduce the catheter to the middle cerebral artery between 33 and 45 minutes, with a value in Colombian pesos for the total supplies of 200,000 COP / 27 USD for reusable materials. Although the procedure was reproducible in all the animals used, it is necessary to run this model in-vivo to observe its reproducibility by testing different treatments.

Fredy Leonardo Carreño Hernandez

Juan Pablo Quintanilla

Fernando P Cardenas

Surgical training in cadaveric model of intraluminal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats, using limited resources

利用有限资源在大鼠中脑动脉腔内闭塞尸体模型中的外科训练

Valéria Lima Fabricio Borghesi

Octavio Augusto França Presgrave

Cristiane Caldeira da Silva

Mapeamento do modo de operação das comissões de ética no uso de animais no Brasil e as dificuldades encontradas

巴西动物使用伦理委员会运作模式及所遇困难之研究

The goal of this work was demonstrating the zootechnical indices calculations and their applications in a methodology for colonies sizing, aiming at the adjustment of production. For this, 120 breeders of Wistar rats were evaluated, with data collection carried out between January and December 2021. The information recorded were: dates of birth of the male and female, date of mating and parturition, number of pups/parturition, number of male and female weaned/parturition, number of euthanized animals. The zootechnical indices (IZ) calculated were: time to first parturition, interval between parturitions (IEP), culling rate, monthly parturition index (IMP), number of animals weaned/parturition, weaning rate, proportion of male and females weaned/parturition, pre-weaning mortality and reproductive lifespan. Descriptive statistics were performed and when necessary, ANOVA was performed followed by Tukeyâs post-test with a significance of p<0.05. Based on IZ information, a methodology was proposed to calculate the number of breeders. To size the colony, the first step was calculating the number of parturitions, i.e., dividing the number of animals demanded by the number of pups weaned/parturition. The second step consisted in calculating a correction factor, dividing the IEP by 30 and multiplying by the IMP, applying this, the time required for the breeder to have new offspring and the percentage of breeders that gave birth monthly were considered in the calculus. Finally, to calculate the number of breeders, just divide the number of births by the correction factor. The systematization of the IZ enables to consider important colony characteristics for sizing production, optimizing the use of resources and reducing over production.

Marcos Antonio Maioli

Maurício de Rosa Trotta

Claudemir Rodrighero

Heloisa Allegro Baptista

Avaliação de índices zootécnicos e suas aplicações no dimensionamento de colônias de animais de laboratório

实验室动物群体规模中动物技术指标的评估及其应用

Drosophila melanogaster is a candidate species to replace rodents in some neurobiological studies, encouraging attempts to develop behavioural tests for these flies. This study aimed to develop a sucrose preference test in flies that simultaneously assesses the ethological aspects of motor and fluid intake activities in several experimental units. Therefore, a lane-maze with 14 lanes was printed three-dimensionally to accommodate up to 14 individual flies in a single trial. Each lane had a capillary filled with a 5% sucrose solution attached to one of the extremities, simulating a one-bottle preference test in rodents. Similarly, the test was named the one-capillary lane-maze. Male and female flies (adults, 5â6 days of age) were subjected to 0 (control), 2, 8, or 20 h of food deprivation (FD, n= 9â11/group) before testing. The one-capillary lane-maze test consisted of 10 min of habituation and 30 min of trial, which were video-recorded for further evaluation. The duration of locomotion, immobility, and grooming in the lane, capillary, or corner (zone in extreme opposition to the capillary) was scored using EthoWatcher software. A âpreference indexâ for the capillary zone was calculated as a proxy for sucrose preference. Independent of the lane zone, locomotion was the most prevalent behaviour in flies, followed by immobility and grooming. All flies were proportionally longer in the corners than in the middle of the lane, indicating that sex or FD had a minor influence on fly behaviour in the lane-maze test. The preference index revealed that flies of both sexes avoided the capillary zone, even when food-deprived. These data suggest that contrary to the primary hypothesis, the capillary was aversive to the flies. In summary, although the apparatus was suitable for high-throughput assessment of fliesâ behaviours, more studies are required to develop a sucrose preference test in the lane-maze.

Fabiola Boz Eckert

Dhiozer de Brittos Valdati

José Marino

Daniela Cristina de Toni

Cilene Lino de Oliveira

One-capillary lane-maze test in flies: exploratory studies

果蝇单毛细管迷宫测试：探索性研究

An enhanced protocol for the evaluation of in vivo biological activity of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) assay in mice is described, following European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) version 10.0 guideline and optimized by applying the principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement (3Rs) in animal experimentation. In Laboratory Animal Science, one of the main principles is to optimize the experimental protocols in order to achieve the best results with the lowest number of animals and refine the procedures to avoid unnecessary suffering. The main objective of this protocol is to comply with international guidelines for rhEPO evaluation, applying refinement on procedures and reduction in animal use. Some of the features included in this protocol are the increase in the number of rhEPO batches tested simultaneously against an international standard, leading to a substantial reduction in the number of animals used, and refinement on animal handling techniques for subcutaneous drug administration and blood withdrawal. The implemented improvements were validated by reticulocyte estimation to ensure compliance with international criteria established for this trial and institutional quality management system.

Ana Paula Arevalo

Tatiana Basika

Sergio Ancheta

Karen Perelmuter

Alejandro Ricciardi

Mariela Bollati-Fogolín

Martina Crispo

3r s applied to in vivo biological activity of recombinant human erythropoietin assay

3r法应用于重组人促红细胞生成素体内生物活性测定

出版信息	出版商: Brazilian Society for Laboratory Animal Science，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 否
基本数据	创刊年份: 2022，原创研究文献占比: ，自引率:， Gold OA占比:

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