ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA 是一个国际论坛，用于传播促进精神病学科学和实践的信息。特别是，我们专注于与临床精神病学家和精神病学研究人员交流一线研究。ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA 传统上一直是并且仍然是一本主要关注临床精神病学的期刊，但转化精神病学对我们的读者来说是一个越来越重要的话题。因此，该杂志欢迎提交基于临床和更多转化（例如临床前和流行病学）研究的手稿。在准备基于转化研究的手稿以提交给 ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA 时，作者应强调研究问题和发现的临床意义。仅基于临床前研究（例如动物模型）的手稿通常不考虑在期刊上发表。

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica is an international forum dedicated to disseminating information that advances the science and practice of psychiatry. We particularly focus on facilitating communication between clinical psychiatrists and psychiatric researchers regarding frontline research. Traditionally, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica has primarily concentrated on clinical psychiatry; however, translational psychiatry is becoming an increasingly important topic for our readers. Therefore, the journal welcomes submissions of manuscripts based on clinical and translational research (e.g., preclinical and epidemiological studies). When preparing manuscripts based on translational research for submission to Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, authors should emphasize the clinical significance of the research questions and findings. Manuscripts based solely on preclinical research (e.g., animal models) are generally not considered for publication in the journal.

《Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica》是一个国际论坛，旨在传播促进精神病学科学和实践的信息。我们特别关注与临床精神病学家和精神病学研究人员之间的一线研究交流。《Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica》传统上主要关注临床精神病学，但转化精神病学正日益成为我们读者关注的重要话题。因此，该期刊欢迎提交基于临床和转化研究（如临床前和流行病学研究）的稿件。在准备提交给《Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica》的转化研究稿件时，作者应强调研究问题及其临床意义。仅基于临床前研究（如动物模型）的稿件通常不被考虑在期刊上发表。

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

Hope has long been considered an important therapeutic factor in medicine, nursing and mental health and recently received attention as a central component of recovery. However, conceptual clarity, applicability and the predictive value of hope remain unclear. This review aims to define hope, review current approaches to assessment, and outline research evidence linking hope with effectiveness.We conducted a comprehensive review of publications on the conceptualisation and measurement of hope, and on its use as a predictive variable specifically in mental health patients.Forty-nine definitions of hope were identified, which were grouped into seven emergent dimensions. Thirty-two measurement tools were identified, although few have been used in research involving mental health patients. Eleven studies investigated hope as a predictive variable for differing outcomes, with inconclusive results.Many conceptual frameworks for hope have been proposed, but empirical evidence on its predictive power in mental health is lacking.

B. Schrank

G. Stanghellini

M. Slade

Hope in psychiatry: a review of the literature

精神病学中的希望：文献综述

Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaVolume 67, Issue 6 p. 361-370 The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale A. S. Zigmond, A. S. Zigmond Dept. of Psychiatry, 15 Hyde Terrace, Leeds LS2 9LT, EnglandSearch for more papers by this authorR. P. Snaith, Corresponding Author R. P. Snaith Dept. of Psychiatry, 15 Hyde Terrace, Leeds LS2 9LT, England*Address for correspondenceSearch for more papers by this author A. S. Zigmond, A. S. Zigmond Dept. of Psychiatry, 15 Hyde Terrace, Leeds LS2 9LT, EnglandSearch for more papers by this authorR. P. Snaith, Corresponding Author R. P. Snaith Dept. of Psychiatry, 15 Hyde Terrace, Leeds LS2 9LT, England*Address for correspondenceSearch for more papers by this author First published: June 1983 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.xCitations: 28,857AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract ABSTRACT– A self-assessment scale has been developed and found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxiety in the setting of an hospital medical outpatient clinic. The anxiety and depressive subscales are also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. It is suggested that the introduction of the scales into general hospital practice would facilitate the large task of detection and management of emotional disorder in patients under investigation and treatment in medical and surgical departments. Citing Literature Volume67, Issue6June 1983Pages 361-370 RelatedInformation

A. S. Zigmond

R. P. Snaith

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

医院焦虑抑郁量表

About 50-80% of ADHD cases have been found to persist into adulthood, but ADHD symptoms change with age. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of MRI voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and manual tracing studies to identify the differences between adults and children with ADHD as well as between treated and untreated individuals. Several databases were searched using keywords 'attention-deficit and MRI', 'ADHD and MRI'. Gray matter volumes from VBM studies and caudate volumes from tracing studies of patients and controls were analyzed using signed differential mapping. Meta-analyses detected reduced right globus pallidus and putamen volumes in VBM studies as well as decreased caudate volumes in manual tracing studies in children with ADHD. Adult patients with ADHD showed volume reduction in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). A higher percentage of treated participants were associated with less changes. Basal ganglia regions like the right globus pallidus, the right putamen, and the nucleus caudatus are structurally affected in children with ADHD. These changes and alterations in limbic regions like ACC and amygdala are more pronounced in non-treated populations and seem to diminish over time from child to adulthood. Treatment seems to have positive effects on brain structure.

T. Frodl

N. Skokauskas

Meta‐analysis of structural MRI studies in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder indicates treatment effects

注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童和成人结构磁共振成像研究的元分析表明治疗效果

Objective In the past decade, since the innovation of the smartphone, there has been an increase in depression, anxiety, and suicidality among teenagers and young adults. The objective of this article was to review the current evidence for these associations and to provide initial clinical guidance. Methods A narrative review of the available literature on digital technology, social media, and psychiatric outcomes in adolescents. Results Psychiatric outcomes have worsened in adolescents in the past decade, correlating with the invention of the smartphone and the rise of social media. Depressive symptoms among American teenagers rose rapidly around 2012 and now are reported in 22% of adolescents, which is at least double the rate in adults. Suicide rates have risen, especially among teenage girls in the United States, in whom there has been a doubling of completed suicide in the past decade. A causal relationship between social media use and these harmful psychiatric outcomes is supported by emerging randomized data showing reduced depressive symptoms associated with a decrease in social media use in college students. Conclusions Social media and digital technology correlate with harmful psychiatric outcomes in adolescents and young adults. Clinical recommendations should include limitations in social media use.

S. N. Ghaemi

Digital depression: a new disease of the millennium?

数字抑郁：千禧年的新疾病？

ABSTRACT Background The increasing number of studies of immersive virtual reality (VR) interventions for mental disorders call for an examination of the current level of evidence on their effectiveness. The findings may guide scalability and contribute to the advancement and optimization of immersive VR‐based interventions for mental disorders. Methods A systematic literature search across four databases screened 2443 studies. Outcomes were disorder‐specific symptoms, cognition, function, and quality of life. The study is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023465845) and follows the reporting standards outlined in the PRISMA guidelines. Results Fifty‐five studies involving a total of 3031 participants covering 10 mental disorders were included in the analysis. VR interventions demonstrated statistically significant effects of post‐treatment compared to active control conditions for alcohol use disorder (reduced state anxiety, g = 0.89, 95% CI[0.24, 1.55]) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (reduced psychotic symptoms, g = 0.37, 95% CI[0.04, 0.70]). Compared to passive control conditions, statistically significant effects of VR interventions were observed for panic and agoraphobia ( g = 1.28, 95% CI [0.47, 2.10]), social anxiety disorder ( g = 0.83, 95% CI [0.49, 1.17]), specific phobias ( g = 1.07, 95% CI[0.22, 1.92]), depression symptoms in PTSD ( g = 0.67, 95% CI [0.22;1.13]). In contrast, no significant differences were found between VR interventions and active control conditions for functioning and quality of life in schizophrenia spectrum disorder and panic or agoraphobia. No meta‐analyses were conducted on cognition due to insufficient data. Over 50% of the included studies were assessed as having a high risk of bias. According to the GRADE assessment, evidence for VR‐based interventions across various mental disorders was generally of low to very low certainty, with a few exceptions rated as moderate certainty. Conclusion VR interventions may potentially have benefits, particularly when compared to passive control conditions, however, the evidence remains uncertain necessitating more large‐scale, methodologically robust studies. Current findings can thus only be considered indicative. Recommendations on future directions of the VR field are discussed.

Fatime Zeka

Lars Clemmensen

Lucia Valmaggia

Wim Veling

Carsten Hjorthøj

Louise Birkedal Glenthøj

The Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality‐Based Treatment for Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis

沉浸式虚拟现实治疗精神障碍的有效性：一项系统综述与meta分析

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this umbrella review is to summarise existing international evidence on means restriction activities for the prevention of suicide, and provide evidence of their success or lack thereof. The consolidated and integrated information can help inform potential public health interventions. Methods An overview of published systematic reviews in English was undertaken. There were no time restrictions. Six major repositories of systematic reviews databases were searched for relevant studies and the reference lists of all selected systematic reviews searched for identifying reviews not retrieved within the database searches. Included studies needed to be Cochrane or non‐Cochrane systematic reviews (with or without meta‐analyses) that explored means restriction activities for suicide prevention. Results A total of 670 records were identified across the searches; 11 reviews were eligible for inclusion. Three further reviews were identified through list searches with one eligible for inclusion. Thus, 12 systematic reviews were included in this umbrella review. Activities undertaken around the world were implemented for the prevention of suicide by firearms, jumping from heights and in front of a moving object, and suicide by hazardous agents. A variety of factors associated with the success and/or failure of mean restriction activities were identified, including the prevalence of method and presence or lack of a substitution effect. Most reviews found means restriction activities successful in the prevention of suicide. Conclusions Means restriction is an empirically proven strategy that should be considered for the prevention of suicide. Priority should be given to the most prevalent methods of suicide and implementation of locally relevant solutions, including the cultural context of the targeted population. Other important factors such as minimisation of any substitution effect need to be considered when implementing means restriction activities for suicide prevention.

Adriana G. Nevarez‐Flores

Vandana Pandey

Adriana Perez Angelucci

Amanda L. Neil

Brett McDermott

David Castle

Means Restriction for Suicide Prevention: An Umbrella Review

自杀预防的措施限制：一项伞形综述

ABSTRACT Background Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective and commonly used treatment option for treatment‐resistant depression, its cost‐effectiveness remains much less studied. In particular, the comparative cost‐effectiveness of rTMS and other treatment options, such as antidepressant medication, has not been investigated. Methods An economic evaluation with 12 months follow‐up was conducted in the Dutch care setting as part of a pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial, in which patients with treatment‐resistant depression were randomized to treatment with rTMS or treatment with the next pharmacological step according to the treatment algorithm. Missing data were handled with single imputations using predictive mean matching (PMM) nested in bootstraps. Incremental cost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility ratios (ICERs/ICURs) were calculated, as well as cost‐effectiveness planes and cost‐effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs). Results Higher QALYs, response, and remission rates were found for lower costs when comparing the rTMS group to the medication group. After 12 months, QALYs were 0.618 in the rTMS group and 0.545 in the medication group. The response was 27.1% and 24.4% and remission was 25.0% and 17.1%, respectively. Incremental costs for rTMS were −€2.280, resulting in a dominant ICUR for QALYs and ICER for response and remission. Conclusion rTMS appears to be a cost‐effective treatment option for treatment‐resistant depression when compared to the next pharmacological treatment step. The results support the implementation of rTMS as a step in the treatment algorithm for depression. Trial Registration The trial is registered within the Netherlands Trial Register (code: NL7628, date: March 29, 2019)

Iris Dalhuisen

Kim Bui

Anne Kleijburg

Iris van Oostrom

Jan Spijker

Eric van Exel

Hans van Mierlo

Dieuwertje de Waardt

Martijn Arns

Indira Tendolkar

Philip van Eijndhoven

Ben Wijnen

Cost‐Effectiveness of <scp>rTMS</scp> as a Next Step in Antidepressant Non‐Responders: A Randomized Comparison With Current Antidepressant Treatment Approaches

<scp>rTMS</scp>作为抗抑郁药无反应者的下一步治疗的成本效益：与当前抗抑郁治疗方案的随机比较

Lintunen et al. [1] publish in previous issue an article entitled Dosing Levels of Antipsychotics and Mood Stabilizers in Bipolar Disorder: A Nationwide Cohort Study on Relapse Risk and Treatment Safety. This nationwide study estimates doses of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers associated with the most favourable benefit–risk ratio. Benefit corresponded to a decreased risk of psychiatric hospitalization (prevention of relapse) and risk to an increase in non-psychiatric hospitalization (adverse events). The authors followed individuals with bipolar disorder from diagnosis over an average of 8 years. They compared outcomes over periods with and without antipsychotics or with and without mood stabilizers within individuals, by distinguishing low (< 0.9 DDD), standard (0.9– < 1.1 DDD) and high doses (≥ 1.1 DDD). Only monotherapies and individuals with both treatment changes and outcomes contributed to the findings. This design might have selected individuals with most severe disorders or those who did not receive an effective medication on a first line of treatment, but allowed comparing various treatment patterns. Considering sensitivity analyses that omitted the 30-day period following treatment changes and selected stable treatments, among antipsychotics, only low and standard doses of aripiprazole (< 16.5 mg/day) were able to prevent relapse. High doses and quetiapine at any dose were associated with an increase in psychiatric hospitalization. While the association between high doses and relapse might be due to confounding by indication (relapse justifying the increase in dose), the absence of preventive effectiveness of antipsychotic monotherapies is alarming and contrasts with their extensive use [2]. Previous publications highlighted the lack of evidence of efficacy of antipsychotics in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders, RCTs showing selection bias (enrichment design limiting generalizability, inclusion of bipolar disorder type I only), attrition bias (considerable dropout levels), insufficient duration to demonstrate preventive efficacy, possible adverse effects of abrupt medication discontinuation in the placebo-group with beneficial effects of treatment and possible reporting bias [3, 4]. Parallelly, Lintunen et al. [1] found an increased risk of non-psychiatric hospitalization except for standard doses of olanzapine, risperidone and aripiprazole and low dose of aripiprazole, questioning the benefit–risk ratio of these monotherapies. These safety concerns are added to previous ones concerning mortality or cognitive functioning [2, 5, 6]. A real utility of antipsychotics was shown at short- and mid-term in acute bipolar episodes and in association with mood stabilizers with synergistic effects [7, 8]. Their place in the therapeutic strategy might be re-thought and, for example, re-focused on acute episodes and patients with disorders refractory to conventional treatment, in association with mood stabilizers. Regarding mood stabilizers, as for antipsychotics, sensitivity analyses showed higher risk of relapse for high dose of valproate (≥ 1100 mg/day) and lamotrigine (≥ 220) but not of lithium (≥ 990) or carbamazepine (≥ 440). Lower doses of the four mood stabilizers prevented psychiatric hospitalizations. Safety concerns were associated with any dose of valproate, high doses of carbamazepine and lamotrigine. Conversely, low and standard doses of lithium were associated with a decreased risk of non-psychiatric hospitalization. Thus, lithium was shown effective on relapse without serious adverse event, in line with most international guidelines putting lithium at the first line of treatment. Despite the increasing evidence of its utility for patients, lithium is still underused in bipolar disorders [2]. This study is a new opportunity to highlight the effectiveness of lithium not only in bipolar disorders but also in the prevention of early mortality, suicidal behaviour, accidents and cognitive decline [9]. This favourable benefit–risk ratio may also reflect the interest of therapeutic drug monitoring that allows personalizing drug treatments, particularly in vulnerable individuals. Therapeutic drug monitoring is essential with lithium treatment and only recommended with other drugs [10]. Its use should be widespread. Globally, the study by Lintunen et al. [1] supports the use of the minimum effective dose for each drug in bipolar disorders to achieve a favourable benefit–risk ratio. This may be connected to studies on receptor occupancy showing few differences between low and high doses of antipsychotics [11]. Increasing the dose may not alter effectiveness, but may compromise safety. Prevention is central to the treatment of bipolar disorders. Patients face not only a high risk of recurrence but also its consequences, such as early mortality, suicidal behaviour, persistence of residual symptoms and poorer psychosocial functioning. Medication is a key component of prevention. When initiating a treatment for acute episodes, prescribers should already think about the benefit–risk ratio with a view to long-term treatment. Efficacy is not the only parameter, tolerance being a determining factor in quality of life and adherence to medication. Prescribers may be satisfied with the absence of symptoms, while patients' expectations may differ. Drugs' assessment must take account of the user's opinion and consider patient-centred outcomes. For example, the main reasons for discontinuation reported by individuals with bipolar disorder include weight gain, lethargy, sleepiness, sexual dysfunction, shaking and emotional blunting [12]. Regarding chronic disorders, improving quality of life and functioning should be at the forefront of care. Future research will certainly have to continue this work of comparing existing therapeutic alternatives under real-life conditions and as close as possible to the experience of users. Better use of existing resources is a major factor in progress. The author declares no conflicts of interest. The peer review history for this article is available at https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway/wos/peer-review/10.1111/acps.13780. The author has nothing to report.

Marie Tournier

Antipsychotics or Mood Stabilizers in Bipolar Disorder: Towards Evidence‐Based Personalised Medicine

双相障碍中的抗精神病药物或情绪稳定剂：迈向基于证据的个性化医学

Despite a growing recognition of mental health challenges worldwide, there remains a significant gap between the demand for and the availability of mental health services. The WHO estimates that globally, up to 71% of individuals with severe mental illnesses such as psychosis receive no treatment, and access is even more limited in low-income countries. Barriers such as stigma, resource shortages, and insufficiently trained professionals may exacerbate this issue [1, 2]. Given the limited resources available, a recent report by the World Health Organization stated that "the use of mobile and wireless technologies (mhealth) to support the achievement of health objectives has the potential to transform the face of health service delivery across the globe" [3]. On a global scale, it is not feasible to propose that practices based entirely on in-person care will ever be able to meet the demand and need for treatment. Thus, even before the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was growing interest in the potential role of new technologies to extend care. The rapid advancement and integration of technology is transforming mental health care delivery, accessibility, and research methodologies. Digital tools, including wearable devices, telepsychiatric platforms, smartphone apps, virtual reality (VR), and electronic health record data are reshaping the landscape of clinical practice, research, and patient engagement [4]. Similarly, digital phenotyping, artificial intelligence (AI), and advanced machine learning methods offer deeper, real-time insights into patients' behaviors and symptoms, potentially leading to earlier diagnoses, prediction models, and more personalized treatment plans [5, 6]. AI-enabled programs can analyze and contextualize data to provide information or automatically trigger actions without human interference, where machine-learning methods learn insights and recognize patterns from data. These innovations address critical challenges in mental health care, particularly the pervasive gap between the demand for treatment and the limited capacity of traditional systems to meet this need. Furthermore, digital solutions may empower patients to actively engage in their treatment through tools for self-monitoring, psychoeducation, and immersive, engaging interventions that may enhance their therapeutic experience. The term "digital phenotyping" has been defined as the "moment-by-moment quantification of the individual-level human phenotype in situ using data from personal digital devices" [7, 8]. Although not unanimous, some authors [9] divide digital phenotyping into two subgroups, called "active data" and "passive data." Active data refer to data that requires active input from the users to be generated, whereas passive data, such as sensor data and phone usage patterns, are collected without requiring any active participation from the users. In the case of passive data or "objective" data, these data inputs can be seen as digital footprints or data traces arising as a "by-product" from interactions with technology. Self-monitored data (active data) could be collected in a fine-grained manner to promote empowerment and insight into course of illness and potential early warning signs of deterioration. Digital phenotyping refers to approaches in which personal data gathered from mobile devices and sensors is analyzed to provide health information on physiological functions or behavioral indicators [9, 10]. In mental health research, interest in digital phenotyping has increased dramatically during the last years, but attracted great interest when Tom Insel (leader of NIMH until 2015) claimed, that using and exploring further into digital phenotyping has the potential to overcome some of the challenges in mental health [11]. An important aspect of innovative digital intervention tools is the just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI), which holds enormous potential for promoting change in behavior. A JITAI covers an intervention design that adapts the provision of support (e.g., the type, content, timing, and frequency) over time to the specific individual [12]. Continuous data streams of digital phenotyping (active and/or passive) enable detection of transitions and potential relapse. By using digital phenotyping of the dynamics of an individual's internal state and context in real time JITAI offers support flexibly [13], enabling micro interventions during the times most needed. VR is another advancement in mental health care that shows great promise for enhancing non-pharmacological interventions for various mental disorder [14]. By creating highly realistic and immersive environments, VR enables individuals to engage with scenarios designed to evoke cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physiological responses. This technology offers a safe, controlled setting where individuals can confront and manage symptoms, facilitating therapeutic interventions aimed at improving functioning and quality of life. Through real-time therapist-controlled visual and auditory stimuli, VR allows for highly individualized, gradual, and fine-tuned exposure to distressing triggers. It is generally regarded as a safe intervention with minimal side effects, such as motion sickness or dizziness [15]. Initially employed primarily in the treatment of anxiety disorders, recent research has expanded its application to severe mental illnesses, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Studies suggest that VR-based therapies may provide significant benefits for individuals whose symptoms are resistant to pharmacological treatments [16]. Additionally, VR and other digitally based intervention may hold particular appeal for younger patients who are often familiar with and proficient in using digital platforms. This familiarity may enhance their willingness and receptiveness to incorporating digital interventions as part of their treatment. Consequently, these interventions have the potential not only to improve adherence but also expanding access to a broader target group. While these advancements present promising opportunities, they also underscore the need for robust research to optimize integration into clinical practice. Digital psychiatry stands at the intersection of innovation and necessity, bridging the divide between mental health needs and the capacity of traditional systems to address them effectively. The manuscripts included in this Special Issue on "Digital Psychiatry" span diverse topics, reflecting the multidisciplinary nature of digital psychiatry. From digital phenotyping methods and advanced methods for data analyses to studies on integrating digital treatment interventions into everyday clinical practice, these contributions underscore the promise of technology to complement and enhance traditional approaches. Some examples of the included manuscripts follow below. Concerning digital phenotyping, a study by Ambrosen et al. investigated the use of automated computer vision of facial expressions during interviews in 46 patients with first-episode psychosis. Interestingly, they found that facial expressions during interviews were associated with negative symptoms and initial antipsychotic treatment response. Another interesting study by Dalal et al. investigated the application of natural language processing (NLP) to speech samples with the potential elucidate even the most subtle deviations in language in 147 participants including healthy individuals, patients with first-episode psychosis, clinical high-risk state individuals and patients with schizophrenia. They found that patterns of speech deviations in early and established stages of schizophrenia are distinguishable from each other. Concerning the use of sophisticated data analyses, an interesting study by Eder et al. investigated the use of a transdiagnostic model using and comparing decision tree classifiers, logistic regression, XGboost, and a support vector machine to predict weight gain of ≥ 5% of body weight during the first 4 weeks of treatment with psychotropic drugs in 103 psychiatric inpatients. The study underscored the potential use of electronic health record data in personalizing treatment and follow-up. Concerning digital interventions, a large-scale study conducted by Alvarez-Jimenez et al. with 5.702 participants examined the effectiveness of a moderated online social therapy platform (blended intervention) within Australian youth mental health services. They found participants to engage consistently with the platform over several weeks and demonstrating significant improvements in depression and anxiety levels. Berkhof et al. explored baseline factors that characterize treatment responders in their study on VR-based cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with paranoia. They found that higher baseline safety behaviors and higher age were associated with better outcomes in reducing social anxiety. This addresses a significant gap in the literature by shedding light on patient characteristics that may predict who benefit most from a novel intervention. A meta-analysis by Zeka et al. investigated the current evidence on immersive VR interventions in treating a wide range of prominent mental health disorders. Their findings highlight the promising potential of VR-interventions in addressing conditions such as alcohol use, schizophrenia, and anxiety, but highlight the need for methodological rigor in future research to enhance reliability of these findings. By bridging the gap between technological advancements and clinical application, we hope this Special Issue will inspire clinicians and researchers to collaborate and innovate in ways that ensure digital psychiatry reaches its full potential—empowering patients and practitioners alike in improving mental health outcomes. The peer review history for this article is available at https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway/wos/peer-review/10.1111/acps.13781. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Maria Faurholt‐Jepsen

Editorial: Special Issue on Digital Psychiatry

编辑：数字精神病学特刊

Abbreviation	Acta Psychiatr. Scand.
Journal Impact	5.37
Quartiles(Global)	PSYCHIATRY(Q1)

ISSN	0001-690X, 1600-0447
h-index	166

Publication Information	Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd，Publishing cycle: Monthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1953，Proportion of original research papers: 81.63%，Self Citation Rate:5.70%， Gold OA Rate: 50.18%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：较慢,6-12周
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：一般

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

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Hope in psychiatry: a review of the literature

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

Meta‐analysis of structural MRI studies in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder indicates treatment effects

Digital depression: a new disease of the millennium?

The Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality‐Based Treatment for Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis

Means Restriction for Suicide Prevention: An Umbrella Review

The Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality‐Based Treatment for Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis

Cost‐Effectiveness of rTMS as a Next Step in Antidepressant Non‐Responders: A Randomized Comparison With Current Antidepressant Treatment Approaches

Antipsychotics or Mood Stabilizers in Bipolar Disorder: Towards Evidence‐Based Personalised Medicine

Editorial: Special Issue on Digital Psychiatry