Environment and Urbanization ASIA

Debolina Kundu

Environment and Urbanization Asia

Editorial

社论

This study aims to evaluate the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on unemployment. Panel data encompassing 180 nations spanning the time frame from 1995 to 2018 has been employed. To capture non-linear and asymmetric effects, a recently developed panel quantile estimator has been used. The findings refute the notion of the environmental Kuznets curve and demonstrate that when emissions are at a low level, an increase in emissions leads to a higher rate of unemployment. Conversely, at greater emission levels, the opposite impact is observed. In addition, the analysis using panel quantile regression reveals that the impact of emissions is significantly greater in countries with higher unemployment rates. Ultimately, the correlation between unemployment and emissions remains consistent when unemployment among those with basic education is examined. However, unemployment among those with higher education has a contrasting association with emissions. In summary, the findings in this study indicate that the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions and labour demand is non-linear and contingent upon certain conditions.

Chandan Sharma

Arup Mitra

Air Pollution Effects on Labour Market: Evidence from Asymmetric Analysis

空气污染对劳动力市场的影响：来自非对称分析的证据

Colombo, Sri Lanka’s commercial capital, is recognized as one of the first 18 global sites that were awarded the Ramsar Wetland City accreditation, and is a prime example of the intersection between urbanization and wetland conservation. Thus, this study aims to conduct an environmental risk assessment that can provide insights into the changes in biophysical properties driven by urbanization over the 2000–2020 period. The study used Geographical Information Systems and a remote sensing approach to assess critical environmental risk zones around urban freshwater lakes in the Colombo district of Sri Lanka, including Thalangama, an environmental protection area experiencing sub-urbanization. Satellite data (2000–2020) were employed, and spectral indices, including NDVI, NDBI, NDWI, NDMI, RVI and LST, were calculated. Intersecting areas with multiple risk factors were determined, and distances from these zones to lakes were calculated to generate spatially explicit risk maps using inverse distance weighting. The building density has consistently increased from 2000 to 2020 in all three sites, with ‘very high’ density areas expanding notably. NDVI reveals a gradual increase in ‘very high’ categories until 2015. Plant-water stress analysis shows significant water stress in 2015, and water body areas have decreased after 2010 in all the sites. Multi-criteria assessment identifies critical environmental risk zones around urban lakes, indicating high vulnerability to environmental damage and degradation. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of leveraging data and risk analysis to inform decision-making processes in environmental management. By doing so, policymakers can enhance the effectiveness of conservation measures and promote the long-term sustainability of natural resources.

M. D. K. Lakmali Gunathilaka

Lasantha Manawadu

Dinuke Munasinghe

Devanmini Halwatura

Assessment of Critical Environmental Risk Zones Around Wetlands in Colombo, Sri Lanka, Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Multi-criteria Decision Tools

斯里兰卡科伦坡湿地周边关键环境风险区评估：基于卫星遥感与多准则决策工具的应用

Rapid urbanization, population growth and climate-induced migration in the Global South, particularly in Bangladesh’s coastal cities, have led to the proliferation of informal settlements, thereby intensifying pressures on the urban landscape and exacerbating food insecurity. In this context, urban migrants, particularly women, are most vulnerable to food insecurity due to the lack of livelihood opportunities. To address these food-related vulnerabilities, women often utilize their dwelling and neighbourhood spaces for food production, often referred to as ‘foodscapes’, transforming housing environments—a phenomenon that remains understudied. Thus, this research attempts to examine how these foodscape practices contribute to migrant women’s household food security, using the Greenland slum in Khulna as a case study. This qualitative research employs a case study-based approach, utilizing interviews, focus group discussions and observation to collect both social and spatial data. The findings reveal that a wide variety of foodscapes prevalent in the Greenland slum are mainly home-based, establishing a deep spatial linkage with dwellings that contribute to household food availability and accessibility. The study also highlights socio-political, economic and physical factors associated with foodscapes and food security and provides recommendations for future research.

Sumaiya Rahman Piashi

Maartje van Eerd

Investigating the Connectivity Between Urban Foodscape and Migrant Women’s Household Food Security: A Case of Greenland Slum, Khulna, Bangladesh

探究城市食物景观与流动女性家庭粮食安全之间的联系：以孟加拉国库尔纳的格陵兰贫民窟为例

Poor water quality drives bottled-water consumption (BWC) in developing countries if affordable, while plastic-bottle disposal exacerbates global environmental problems. This article presents data on drinking-water attitudes, norms and behaviours of 380 residents randomly surveyed in Herat, Afghanistan. Structural equation modelling found attitudes and norms affected drinking-water and plastic-disposal behaviours. Regression models explained 60 % of future BWC-intention variance. Education, perceived behavioural control and household size positively affected BWC. Most believed BWC supports healthy lifestyles. Residents believed they could act pro-environmentally, yet threw away bottles, rather than recycling or reusing them, and thus endorsed BWC. Findings reveal that pro-environmental government policy, regulation and education are necessary to counter BWC advertising and overcome structural factors inhibiting safe and secure municipal drinking-water supply. Improved water governance and municipal infrastructure are urgently required to meet UN sustainability development goals to reduce infant mortality rates, improve waste and water supply management, and provide water security in Afghanistan.

Seyed Ahmad Mir Mohamad Tabar

Angela T. Ragusa

Sayed Jawad Ramyar

Maryam Sohrabi

Bottled-Water Consumption and Disposal in Herat, Afghanistan

阿富汗赫拉特瓶装水消费与处理

Good transport infrastructure and services improve the well-being of all groups of the population, including women, men, children, the elderly and people with disabilities. However, they are often incorrectly considered ‘gender-neutral’. Mobility is socially determined by gender roles related to reproduction, production and community. This research investigates the cohesive relationship of urban transportation, including mobility, gender and care, by studying the case of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The differences between women’s and men’s participation in transportation are identified and connected to gender-role activities. The findings show a clear relationship between urban mobility and gender roles. There is clear evidence of women’s trade-off between travelling less than men and carrying more unpaid work in the family, which is more pronounced for married women who live with their families. Differences in women’s traffic experiences compared to men’s reveal the disadvantages that women face in traffic. The findings of this research will assist the HCMC transport sector and project executive agencies in designing gender-inclusive projects. The dissemination of this research will draw attention to the gender dimension of transport and encourage gender mainstreaming across the transport sector to promote and support equality and women’s empowerment.

Le Thi Ngoc Tu

Connecting Urban Mobility and Gender Roles: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

连接城市流动与性别角色：越南胡志明市

This article examines the factors that determined ‘reverse migration’ of households from urban locations in India in the aftermath of a series of lockdowns that followed the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Positioning reverse migration as a coping strategy to ameliorate negative consequences of loss of livelihood, food shortages and loss of shelter in urban India, this article examines the factors that led to the utilization of this strategy in the aftermath of lockdown during the pandemic outbreak. The article also tests whether returning to hinterland persisted after the period of lockdowns. The lockdowns had exacerbated living conditions for urban poor. Migration to rural areas continued despite various policies and programmes that the national and state governments instituted to counter the negative impact of lockdowns, particularly on low-income households. Examining the socio-economic, demographic and policy factors, this article provides evidence that family support and rural social institutions such as self-help groups played a crucial role in providing support system during pandemic even to those who migrated back from urban areas. Government programmes such as Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme and access to public distribution system were also important for reverse migrants. An important result is that the first wave of reverse migration was due to family and emotional reasons that arose because of lockdowns, the second wave of migration was for economic reasons as households continued to struggle in urban areas, and the migration during the third wave was a usual seasonal migration.

Piyush Tiwari

Saumen Majumdar

Examining the Impact of Socio-economic, Demographic and Policy Factors on Reverse Migration in India During COVID-19 Pandemic

考察社会经济、人口统计和政策因素对印度COVID-19疫情期间逆向移民的影响

Abbreviation
Journal Impact	1.47
Quartiles(Global)	ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES(Q4)

ISSN	0975-4253, 0976-3546
h-index	22

Publication Information	Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc.，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2010，Proportion of original research papers: 100.00%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 2.70%

Environment and Urbanization ASIA

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Editorial

Air Pollution Effects on Labour Market: Evidence from Asymmetric Analysis

Assessment of Critical Environmental Risk Zones Around Wetlands in Colombo, Sri Lanka, Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Multi-criteria Decision Tools

Investigating the Connectivity Between Urban Foodscape and Migrant Women’s Household Food Security: A Case of Greenland Slum, Khulna, Bangladesh

Bottled-Water Consumption and Disposal in Herat, Afghanistan

Investigating the Connectivity Between Urban Foodscape and Migrant Women’s Household Food Security: A Case of Greenland Slum, Khulna, Bangladesh

Assessment of Critical Environmental Risk Zones Around Wetlands in Colombo, Sri Lanka, Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Multi-criteria Decision Tools

Connecting Urban Mobility and Gender Roles: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Bottled-Water Consumption and Disposal in Herat, Afghanistan

Examining the Impact of Socio-economic, Demographic and Policy Factors on Reverse Migration in India During COVID-19 Pandemic