International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics (Int J App Pharm) is a peer-reviewed, bimonthly (onward March 2017) open access journal devoted to the excellence and research in the pure pharmaceutics. This Journal publishes original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in conventional dosage forms, formulation development and characterization, controlled and novel drug delivery, biopharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, molecular drug design, polymer-based drug delivery, nanotechnology, nanocarrier based drug delivery, novel routes and modes of delivery; responsive delivery systems, prodrug design, development and characterization of the targeted drug delivery systems, ligand carrier interactions etc. However, the other areas which are related to the pharmaceutics are also entertained includes physical pharmacy and API (active pharmaceutical ingredients) analysis. The Journal publishes original research work either as a Original Article or as a Short Communication. Review Articles on a current topic in the said fields are also considered for publication in the Journal.

The International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics (Int J App Pharm) is a peer-reviewed, bimonthly open access journal dedicated to excellence in research within the field of pure pharmaceutics. This journal publishes original research that significantly contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge in conventional dosage forms, formulation development and characterization, controlled and novel drug delivery, biopharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, molecular drug design, polymer-based drug delivery, nanotechnology, nanocarrier-based drug delivery, novel routes and modes of delivery, responsive delivery systems, prodrug design, development and characterization of targeted drug delivery systems, and ligand-carrier interactions. Additionally, other related areas within pharmaceutics, such as physical pharmacy and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) analysis, are also welcomed. The journal publishes original research either as Original Articles or Short Communications, and Review Articles on current topics in these fields are also considered for publication.

《国际应用药剂学期刊》（International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics）是一本经过同行评审的开放获取期刊，自2017年3月起每两个月出版一次，致力于纯药剂学领域的卓越研究。该期刊发表的原创研究工作显著推动了传统剂型、制剂开发与表征、控制释放与新型药物递送、生物药剂学、药物动力学、分子药物设计、基于聚合物的药物递送、纳米技术、基于纳米载体的药物递送、新的递送途径与方式、响应性递送系统、前药设计、靶向药物递送系统的开发与表征、配体载体相互作用等科学知识的进步。此外，期刊还接受与药剂学相关的其他领域的稿件，包括物理药剂学和活性药物成分（API）分析。期刊发表的原创研究工作可以是原创文章或简短通讯，针对上述领域的当前主题的综述文章也会被考虑发表。

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics

Objective: Ginger is one of the Indonesian plants that has been used as traditional medicine. The flavonoids and phenols compounds contained high antioxidant activity. This study aimed to formulate effervescent granules (EG) from red ginger (RG) extract and evaluate its antioxidant activity. Methods: The formulation of EG from RG extract was prepared by the wet granulation method using different concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Furthermore, the flowability of granules was evaluated, including flow rate, angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index, Hausner ratio, and effervescent time. The physical stability of granules such as organoleptic evaluation, effervescent time, and pH measurement was also evaluated after 28 d of storage, and the antioxidant activity of EG from RG extract was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Results: The result showed that the EG of RG extract was successfully prepared by wet granulation with a concentration of 15%. In addition, the flowability study showed that all formulas of EG from RG extract have good flow properties, and the granules showed excellent flow properties based on Carr′s index results. The effervescent time of granules remained within the acceptable range according to USP, and the physical stability did not change even after 28 d of storage. The IC50 of EG from RG extract was 283.28±3.6 ppm and has moderate in free radicals scavenging activity. Conclusion: EG from RG extract can be used as food supplements to protect the human body from free radicals and inhibit oxidases.

DIAH LIA AULIFA

DIKI PRAYUGO WIBOWO

NENI SAFITRI

ARIF BUDIMAN

FORMULATION OF EFFERVESCENT GRANULES FROM RED GINGER (ZINGIBERIS OFFICINALE ROSCOE VAR. RUBRUM) EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

红姜（姜黄属植物红变种）提取物制备发泡颗粒及其抗氧化活性

Objective: The objective of the study was to obtain a lotion foundation using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as an active ingredient designed with asun protection factor (SPF) value around 30 that can effectively protect facial skin from ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and that is safe to use.Methods: In this study, we determine SPF value using UV–visible spectrophotometry at a wavelength between 290 and 320 nm. The preparationformula of the foundation was made with an EGCG concentration of 0.4%, a concentration which can yield the desired SPF value of about 30. Physicalstability was performed at low (4±2°C), ambient (25±2°C), and high (40±2°C) temperatures; cycling and centrifugation tests were also conducted.Safety was evaluated by eye irritation test using hen’s egg test on chorioallantois method and skin irritation test using the Draize and patch testsmethod.Results: The SPF values of 0.04% EGCG and lotion foundation containing 0.4% EGCG were 31.02±0.72 and 33.20±0.59, respectively. The results ofcycling and centrifugal tests indicated that lotion foundation showed an absence of crystals and lack of any phase separation between oil and waterphases. The physical stability test showed no significant changes for all parameters. Safety tests resulted in neither skin nor eye irritation.Conclusion: The EGCG foundation developed was physically stable with a good appearance and did not irritate the skin or eyes thus are safe to usealso can effectively protect skin against UVR exposure.

EFFIONORA ANWAR

SHIFA RIZKAMIARTY

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF COSMETIC FOUNDATION USING EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE AS A SUN PROTECTION

化妆品粉底液的配方与评价：以表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯作为防晒成分

Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Modern Tools and Approaches in the Emerging Field of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research 20-22, Nov 2024

None Abstract Book

Abstract Book

摘要集

Objective: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder marked by elevated blood glucose levels, and one of the issues linked to DM involves the development of Diabetic Wounds (DW). DW is susceptible to infection and develops into chronic wounds if not treated properly. This study aimed to investigate the network pharmacology of N. sativa L. and T. foenum-graecum, emphasizing on their potential as DW treatment candidates. Methods: Various databases were used in this study, including PubChem, Dr. Duke's phytochemistry and Ethnobotany, and KNApSAcK Family. Swiss Target Prediction and Way2Drug PASS Online were utilized for biological activity and protein target prediction. The DW pathway's protein-protein interactions were examined with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, Gene Cards, and STRING databases. STRING was used to predict the metabolite's action. The relationship between metabolites and target proteins was predicted using STITCH, and Cytoscape was used to visualize the network. Result: The results showed that ten active ingredients (five active ingredients in N. sativa L. and five active ingredients in T. foenoem-graecum) contributed to DW healing by affecting Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), Interleukin-1beta (IL1B), JUN, Caspase 3 (CASP3), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Alpha Kinase Threonine-1 (AKT1), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGFA), and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 (MAPK3) genes. Furthermore, the ten active ingredients correlated with twenty-eight intracellular proteins, resulting in a mechanism involving eight DW signalling pathways. Conclusion: Based on network pharmacology analysis, we determine that N. sativa L. and T. foenoem-graecum combination can potentially treat DW.

MAHARANI RETNA DUHITA

RETNO SUSILOWATI

SITI QURROTUL AINI

RAHMI ANNISA

SYNERGISTIC POTENTIAL OF NIGELLA SATIVA L. AND TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM: INTEGRATED NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY FOR DIABETIC WOUND HEALING

黑种草和胡芦巴的协同潜力：糖尿病伤口愈合的综合网络药理学研究

Objective: The current study exemplifies the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Muntingia calabura L. (Mc-AgNP’s) fruit extract utilizing a green approach and testing the efficacy of synthesized NP’s. Methods: The green synthesize approach was used to synthesis Mc-AgNP’s followed by characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Radical scavenging activity was assessed using DPPH, FRAP, and H202, followed by antibacterial activity. Results: The characteristic features of synthesized Muntingia calabura silver nanoparticles (Mc-AgNP’s) were analyzed using FT-IR which particularizes different functional groups with a broadband at 3408 cm-1 representing hydroxyl (-OH) stretching a peak at 1593.27 cm-1 corresponds to C = O groups in amide whereas a dip at 1383 cm-1 represents C-N amine and C-O stretching of alcohol groups were found. The Crystallinity of synthesized Mc-AgNP’s exhibited face-centered cubic (fcc) crystalline structure and the bio-reduction of the silver ions in solution was monitored by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The FESEM analysis indicates that Mc-AgNP’s were dispersed in the solution using micrographs and the size ranged from 10 to 60 nm. The synthesized Mc-AgNP’s efficiently scavenged free radicals in a dose-dependent manner with 69% for DPPH, 59.9% for FRAP, and 64% for H202 respectively. Further, the synthesized Mc-AgNP’s demonstrated a potent antimicrobial agent against tested bacterial and fungal strains with a maximum zone of inhibition observed in S. aureus, K. pneumonia, and P. vulgaris with 14.6, 13.8, and 12.4 mm. Similarly, antifungal activity with Trichoderma harzianum demonstrated the highest zone with 18 mm followed by Aspergillus oryzae with 7 mm. Conclusion: These results highlight the interesting potential of synthesized Mc-AgNP’s as an effective source of bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

SIDHRA SYED ZAMEER AHMED

SYED ZAMEER AHMED KHADER

ELAYABARATHI MURUGESAN VALLIAMMAL

SUNFIYA RAFEEK ALI

MOTHEES SENTHILKUMAR

MOHANAPRIYA VENKATACHALAM

NILAVENDAN SARAVANAN

DEEPTHY SENTHILKUMARAN

MUNTINGIA CALABURA SILVER NANOPARTICLES DETERIORATE OXIDATIVE IMPAIRMENT WITH POTENT ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

银纳米颗粒对氧化损伤的恶化与强效抗菌活性

Usage of plants to treat various ailments is part and parcel of our tradition and culture. Most marketed formulations are directly or indirectly derived from plants only. Herbal plants are potential therapeutic agents against most life-threatening diseases. Despite these advantages, herbal medicines fail clinical trials due to their low aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. To get the maximum benefits out of herbal plants, we must incorporate medicinal herbs in nanotechnology. The nanotechnology approach not only protects herbal medicines in the body but also aids in delivering the same to the site of action with sustained release. The formulation of herbal nanomedicines will be a breakthrough in treating life-threatening diseases and will also aid in the delivery of drugs that conventionally cannot cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). The review summarizes the recent advancements of the various nanocarriers loaded with herbal extracts/Phytoconstituents developed to treat various diseases, especially cancer. It also highlights the regulatory requirements for herbal nanomedicines.

ANITHA MARIMUTHU

RAAGUL SEENIVASAN

JEY KUMAR PACHIYAPPAN

IMRANKHAN NIZAM

GNK GANESH

SYNERGY OF SCIENCE AND TRADITION: A NANOTECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN REVOLUTION IN NATURAL MEDICINE

科学与传统的协同：纳米技术驱动的天然药物革命

Objective: In this study, we reported the synthesis of a novel series of 5-aryl-4(chloroacetylamino)-3-mercapto-1, 2,4-triazoles. Methods: These compounds were synthesized to screen for anticonvulsant effects in a Maximal Electroshock Seizure (MES) model and a Subcutaneous Pentylenetetrazole (sc‐PTZ) seizure model in rats. Furthermore, molecular docking studies with gamma-aminobutyric acid and in silico ADME prediction were carried out to determine interactions of these compounds with Benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors and their similarity with standard drugs. The rotarod test was used to evaluate neurotoxicity. Results: 08 out of 40 compounds exhibited neurotoxicity at the maximum tested dose. Most of the compounds showed anti‐MES effects without any signs of neurological deficit. All the tested compounds significantly reduced seizures induced by PTZ compared to the control group. Carbamazepine and phenytoin were used as positive controls for anticonvulsant effects. Compounds 3d, 3h (a diphenylamine derivative of 5-aryl-4(chloroacetylamino)-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole), and 4a (a piperidinyl derivative of 5-aryl-4(chloroacetylamino)-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole) exhibited greater safety than phenytoin and carbamazepine in terms of neurotoxicity. The docking scores for the identified compounds 3d, 3h and 4a was 6.5133; 6.6558 and 5.6524, respectively. Nearly all the compounds (90%) demonstrated decreased locomotor activity. Conclusion: It is gratifying that the compounds with higher hydrophobicity showed better performance in the seizure models. Many triazole derivatives holding a suitable aryl or alkyl group gave a better anticonvulsant activity in their analogs.

RUPSHEE JAIN

PRABITHA P.

B. R. PRASHANTHA KUMAR

VIKAS JAIN

MAHENDRA G.

KAMBLE SWAPNIL SHIVAJI

SUSHIL K. KASHAW

D. V. KOHLI

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, IN SILICO STUDIES, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 5-ARYL-4-(CHLOROACETYLAMINO)-3-MERCAPTO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS ANTICONVULSANT AGENTS

5-芳基-4-(氯乙酰氨基)-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物的设计、合成、计算机模拟研究及抗惊厥活性评价

ISSN	0975-7058
h-index	25

Publication Information	Publisher: Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2011，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics

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FORMULATION OF EFFERVESCENT GRANULES FROM RED GINGER (ZINGIBERIS OFFICINALE ROSCOE VAR. RUBRUM) EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF COSMETIC FOUNDATION USING EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE AS A SUN PROTECTION

Abstract Book

SYNERGISTIC POTENTIAL OF NIGELLA SATIVA L. AND TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM: INTEGRATED NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY FOR DIABETIC WOUND HEALING

MUNTINGIA CALABURA SILVER NANOPARTICLES DETERIORATE OXIDATIVE IMPAIRMENT WITH POTENT ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Abstract Book

SYNERGISTIC POTENTIAL OF NIGELLA SATIVA L. AND TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM: INTEGRATED NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY FOR DIABETIC WOUND HEALING

MUNTINGIA CALABURA SILVER NANOPARTICLES DETERIORATE OXIDATIVE IMPAIRMENT WITH POTENT ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

SYNERGY OF SCIENCE AND TRADITION: A NANOTECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN REVOLUTION IN NATURAL MEDICINE

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, IN SILICO STUDIES, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 5-ARYL-4-(CHLOROACETYLAMINO)-3-MERCAPTO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS ANTICONVULSANT AGENTS