分子遗传学和基因组学 (MGG) 发表同行评议的文章，涵盖遗传学和基因组学的所有领域。任何研究基因和基因组的方法都被考虑在内，无论是实验的、理论的还是合成的。 MGG 发表对遗传学、基因组学、生物学、医学和生物技术领域工作人员广泛感兴趣的所有生物的研究。该杂志调查了广泛的主题，包括最近几期的主题：延长寿命的机制生物体；筛选涉及线粒体功能的酵母金属稳态基因；稻瘟病菌品种特异性无毒基因的分子作图等。

Molecular Genetics and Genomics (MGG) publishes peer-reviewed articles covering all areas of genetics and genomics. We welcome any research methods related to genes and genomes, whether experimental, theoretical, or synthetic. The research published in this journal is of broad interest to professionals in genetics, genomics, biology, medicine, and biotechnology. The topics we explore are diverse, including recent themes such as mechanisms of lifespan extension; screening of yeast metal homeostasis genes involved in mitochondrial function; and molecular mapping of variety-specific avirulence genes in rice blast fungus.

《Molecular Genetics and Genomics》是一本发表同行评审文章的期刊，涵盖遗传学和基因组学的各个领域。我们欢迎任何研究基因和基因组的方法，无论是实验性的、理论性的还是合成性的。该期刊发表的研究对遗传学、基因组学、生物学、医学和生物技术领域的专业人士具有广泛的吸引力。我们探讨的主题范围广泛，包括最近几期的研究：延长寿命的机制；筛选与线粒体功能相关的酵母金属稳态基因；以及稻瘟病菌品种特异性无毒基因的分子作图等。

Molecular Genetics and Genomics

Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 (Pta6605) is a causal agent of wildfire disease in host tobacco plants and is highly motile. Pta6605 has multiple clusters of chemotaxis genes including cheA, a gene encoding a histidine kinase, cheY, a gene encoding a response regulator, mcp, a gene for a methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein, as well as flagellar and pili biogenesis genes. However, only two major chemotaxis gene clusters, cluster I and cluster II, possess cheA and cheY. Deletion mutants of cheA or cheY were constructed to evaluate their possible role in Pta6605 chemotaxis and virulence. Motility tests and a chemotaxis assay to known attractant demonstrated that cheA2 and cheY2 mutants were unable to swarm and to perform chemotaxis, whereas cheA1 and cheY1 mutants retained chemotaxis ability almost equal to that of the wild-type (WT) strain. Although WT and cheY1 mutants of Pta6605 caused severe disease symptoms on host tobacco leaves, the cheA2 and cheY2 mutants did not, and symptom development with cheA1 depended on the inoculation method. These results indicate that chemotaxis genes located in cluster II are required for optimal chemotaxis and host plant infection by Pta6605 and that cluster I may partially contribute to these phenotypes.

Stephany Angelia Tumewu

Yujiro Ogawa

Takumi Okamoto

Yuka Sugihara

Hajime Yamada

Fumiko Taguchi

Hidenori Matsui

Mikihiro Yamamoto

Yoshiteru Noutoshi

Kazuhiro Toyoda

Yuki Ichinose

Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG

Mol Genet Genomics

Cluster II che genes of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605, orthologs of cluster I in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are required for chemotaxis and virulence.

A family of 40 terpenoid synthase genes ( AtTPS) was discovered by genome sequence analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana. This is the largest and most diverse group of TPS genes currently known for any species. AtTPS genes cluster into five phylogenetic subfamilies of the plant TPS superfamily. Surprisingly, thirty AtTPS closely resemble, in all aspects of gene architecture, sequence relatedness and phylogenetic placement, the genes for plant monoterpene synthases, sesquiterpene synthases or diterpene synthases of secondary metabolism. Rapid evolution of these AtTPS resulted from repeated gene duplication and sequence divergence with minor changes in gene architecture. In contrast, only two AtTPS genes have known functions in basic (primary) metabolism, namely gibberellin biosynthesis. This striking difference in rates of gene diversification in primary and secondary metabolism is relevant for an understanding of the evolution of terpenoid natural product diversity. Eight AtTPS genes are interrupted and are likely to be inactive pseudogenes. The localization of AtTPS genes on all five chromosomes reflects the dynamics of the Arabidopsis genome; however, several AtTPS genes are clustered and organized in tandem repeats. Furthermore, some AtTPS genes are localized with prenyltransferase genes ( AtGGPPS, geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase) in contiguous genomic clusters encoding consecutive steps in terpenoid biosynthesis. The clustered organization may have implications for TPS gene evolution and the evolution of pathway segments for the synthesis of terpenoid natural products. Phylogenetic analyses highlight events in the divergence of the TPS paralogs and suggest orthologous genes and a model for the evolution of the TPS gene family.

S Aubourg

A Lecharny

J Bohlmann

Genomic analysis of the terpenoid synthase ( AtTPS) gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana.

MicroRNA164 (miR164) plays a key role in leaf and flower development, lateral root initiation, and stress responses. However, little is known about the regulatory roles of miR164 during seed development, particularly in maize. The aim of this study was to discover the developmental function of miR164 in maize seed. Small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) was performed at two key stages. The results indicated that miR164 was down-regulated during maize seed development. In addition, degradome library sequencing and transient expression assays identified the target genes for miR164. Two microRNA (miRNA) pairs, miR164-NAM, ATAF, and CUC32 (NAC32) and miR164-NAC40, were isolated. The developmental function of miR164 was determined by analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the wild-type and miR164 transgenic lines using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and by screening the DEGs related to NAC32 and NAC40 via co-expression and transient expression analysis. These results identified two beta-expansin genes, EXPB14 and EXPB15, which were located downstream of the NAC32 and NAC40 genes. This study revealed, for the first time, a miR164-dependent regulatory pathway, miR164-NAC32/NAC40-EXPB14/EXPB15, which participates in maize seed expansion. These findings highlight the significance of miR164 in maize seed development, and can be used to explore the role of miRNA in seed development.

Lanjie Zheng

Xiangge Zhang

Haojun Zhang

Yong Gu

Xinrong Huang

Huanhuan Huang

Hanmei Liu

Junjie Zhang

Yufeng Hu

Yangping Li

Guowu Yu

Yinghong Liu

Shaneka S Lawson

Yubi Huang

The miR164-dependent regulatory pathway in developing maize seed.

miR164依赖的玉米种子发育调控途径。

In order to unravel the genetic architecture underlying plant response to drought, we adopted an integrated approach, combining transcript profiling and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. In fact, improving plant tolerance to water stress is an important, but, at the same time, a difficult task, since plant tolerance is the result of many complex mechanisms acting at different levels of plant organization, and its genetic basis is largely unknown. The phenotypic data, concerning yield components and flowering time, of a population of 142 maize Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs), grown under well watered conditions or under water stress, were submitted to linkage analysis to detect drought-tolerance QTLs. Thirty genomic regions containing 50 significant QTLs distributed on nine chromosomes were identified. At the same time, a customized targeted oligoarray was used to monitor the expression levels of 1,000 genes, representative of the immature maize kernel transcriptome. Using this DNA array we compared transcripts from 10 days after pollination kernels of two susceptible and two drought tolerant genotypes (extracted from our RILs) grown under control and water stress field conditions. Two hundred and fifty-two genes were significantly affected by stress in at least one genotype. From a set of these, 49 new molecular markers were developed. By mapping most of them and by in silico mapping other regulated sequences, 88 differentially expressed genes were localized onto our linkage map, which, added to the existing 186 markers, brought their total number on the map to 274. Twenty-two of the 88 differentially expressed genes mapped in the same chromosomal segments harbouring QTLs for tolerance, thus representing candidate genes for further functional studies.

Rosanna Marino

Maharajah Ponnaiah

Pawel Krajewski

Carla Frova

Luca Gianfranceschi

M Enrico Pè

Mirella Sari-Gorla

Addressing drought tolerance in maize by transcriptional profiling and mapping.

通过转录组分析和定位提高玉米耐旱性。

MiRNAs play an important role in regulating plant growth and immune response. Mosaic diseases are recognized as the most important plant diseases in the world, and mosaic symptoms are recovery tissues formed by plants against virus infection. However, the mechanism of the formation of mosaic symptoms remains elusive. In this study, two typical mosaic systems consisting of Nicotiana tabacum-cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and N. tabacum-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were used to investigate the relevance of miRNAs to the appearance of mosaic symptoms. The results of miRNA-seq showed that there were significant differences in miRNA abundance between dark green tissues and chlorotic tissues in mosaic leaves caused by the infection of CMV or TMV. Compared with healthy tissues, miRNA expression was significantly increased in chlorotic tissues, but slightly increased in dark green tissues. Three miRNAs, namely miR1919, miR390a, and miR6157, were identified to be strongly up-regulated in chlorotic tissues of both mosaic systems. Results of overexpressing or silencing of the three miRNAs proved that they were related to chlorophyll synthesis, auxin response, and small GTPase-mediated immunity pathway, which were corresponding to the phenotype, physiological parameters and susceptibility of the chlorotic tissues in mosaic leaves. Besides, the newly identified novel-miRNA48, novel-miRNA96 and novel-miRNA103 may also be involved in this formation of mosaic symptoms. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR1919, miR390a and miR6157 are involved in the formation of mosaic symptoms and plant antiviral responses, providing new insight into the role of miRNAs in the formation of recovery tissue and plant immunity.

Jingya Zhou

Hongyan Han

Sucen Liu

Chenglong Ji

Bolei Jiao

Yiting Yang

Dehui Xi

miRNAs are involved in regulating the formation of recovery tissues in virus infected Nicotiana tabacum.

miRNAs 参与调控病毒感染烟草中恢复组织的形成。

Telomeres, which are situated at the terminal ends of chromosomes, undergo a reduction in length with each cellular division, ultimately reaching a critical threshold that triggers cellular senescence. Cancer cells circumvent this senescence by utilizing telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) that grant them a form of immortality. These mechanisms can be categorized into two primary processes: the reactivation of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway, which is dependent on homologous recombination (HR). Various strategies have been developed to inhibit telomerase activation in 85-95% of cancers, including the use of antisense oligonucleotides such as small interfering RNAs and endogenous microRNAs, agents that simulate telomere uncapping, expression modulators, immunotherapeutic vaccines targeting telomerase, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, stabilization of G-quadruplex structures, and gene therapy approaches. Conversely, in the remaining 5-15% of human cancers that rely on ALT, mechanisms involve modifications in the chromatin environment surrounding telomeres, upregulation of TERRA long non-coding RNA, enhanced activation of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad-3-related protein kinase signaling pathway, increased interactions with nuclear receptors, telomere repositioning driven by HR, and recombination events between non-sister chromatids, all of which present potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Additionally, combinatorial therapy has emerged as a strategy that employs selective agents to simultaneously target both telomerase and ALT, aiming for optimal clinical outcomes. Given the critical role of anti-TMM strategies in cancer treatment, this review provides an overview of the latest insights into the structure and function of telomeres, their involvement in tumorigenesis, and the advancements in TMM-based cancer therapies.

Zahra Sadr

Masoumeh Ghasemi

Soheyla Jafarpour

Reyhaneh Seyfi

Aida Ghasemi

Elham Boustanipour

Hamid Reza Khorram Khorshid

Naeim Ehtesham

Beginning at the ends: telomere and telomere-based cancer therapeutics

从端粒开始：端粒与基于端粒的癌症治疗

Azoospermia, a severe form of male infertility characterized by the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate, affects about 1% of the male population, with most cases attributed to nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) caused by gametogenic failure. NOA has various genetic origins, including chromosomal abnormalities, Y chromosome microdeletions, and monogenic mutations. Although whole-exome sequencing (WES) has identified over thirty candidate genes associated with NOA, the genetic causes of most cases have yet to be elucidated. In our study, we selected seven consanguineous families diagnosed with azoospermia from a total of 21 male infertile families recruited from the rural area of Pakistan. Blood samples were collected from both patients and fertile controls for DNA extraction, followed by WES to identify potential causative recessive monogenic variants linked to male infertility. We successfully identified five deleterious variants among five of the seven families, including three missense biallelic substitutions in WWC2, RPL10L, and SOHLH1, a hemizygous deletion in ESX1, and a homozygous deletion in TXNDC2, which have potentially pathogenic relevance to the azoospermia of human male infertility. These novel findings enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex etiology of azoospermia, offering valuable insights for genetic counseling and diagnostics and paving the way for future therapeutic approaches.

Islam Uddin

Iqra Zafar

Caoling Xu

Wenqing Li

Muhammad Imran Khan

Limin Wu

Jianqiang Bao

Whole-exome sequencing identifies rare recessive variants in azoospermia patients from consanguineous Pakistani families

全外显子组测序在近亲巴基斯坦家庭的无精子症患者中鉴定出罕见的隐性变异

Abstract Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) are present in most organisms including plants, fungi, bacteria, invertebrates and vertebrates, where they catalyse the oxidative metabolism of a range of xenobiotics and endogenous metabolites. FMOs have been associated with ageing and longevity in the mouse and in C. elegans . As all five FMOs of C. elegans share an evolutionary root with mouse and human FMO5, it was of interest to discover if effects on ageing and longevity persisted across the whole group. We therefore investigated the impact of fmo gene knockout (KO) in C. elegans . We found that fmo-1 , fmo-3 and fmo-4 KO significantly extended C. elegans lifespan relative to wild type and, as previously reported, FMO-2 over-expression did likewise. The transcription levels of C. elegans fmo genes were determined throughout the life cycle (embryo, larva and adult) in wild type and in each mutant to discover if their expression was related to stages in ageing, and expression levels were compared to those in human and mouse. In wild type worms, fmo-1 and fmo-4 were the mostly highly transcribed genes (especially at the larval stage), whereas fmo-2 and fmo-3 were the least transcribed, at all stages. Notably, the knockout of fmo-4 led to a 17- to 30-fold up-regulation of fmo-2, along with significantly increased levels of the other fmo s. This parallels recent findings in the long-lived C. elegans tald-1 mutant where fmo-2 was also significantly up-regulated and reinforces its importance in lifespan extension.

Mohamed Said

Bill T. Ferrara

Andreea Aprodu

Filipe Cabreiro

Elinor P. Thompson

Jeremy Everett

Transcriptional analysis of C. elegans fmos at different life stages and their roles in ageing

秀丽隐杆线虫fmos在不同生命阶段的转录分析及其在衰老中的作用

Early seedling vigour (ESV) is a key trait that enhances early establishment, stress tolerance, and grain yield in rice, especially in direct-seeded rice (DSR) systems. The aus varietal groups is known for its high seedling vigour. The screening of aus diversity panel for ESV traits and subsequent genome-wide association study (GWAS) can lead to the identification of genetic components of ESV. Here, we report the genetic variation in seven ESV traits along with days to 50% flowering and grain yield in a panel of 181 aus accessions evaluated under field conditions. We observed significant variations in the studied traits. The vegetative vigour, scored visually, was significantly correlated with most of the traits, suggesting its impact on overall plant performance. Comparative analysis of aus genetic groups revealed significant variations, and the subpopulation that includes early maturing drought tolerant genotypes was the most vigorous, and thus ideal for donor selection. GWAS using 918, 863 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers identified 14 significant QTLs, including seven novel ones, linked to vegetative vigour, average growth rate and seedling biomass. Candidate genes like OsPDR1, NCKAP1, and OsSAUR10, involved in jasmonic acid biosynthesis, ABA signaling, and brassinosteroid pathways, were identified to be associated with ESV regulation. This study provides insights into the genetic basis of ESV in aus rice, identifying promising germplasm and genes that could improve seedling vigour and yield in DSR systems. Future research should validate these findings and integrate them into breeding programs for enhanced rice performance in various environments.

Firos T M Basha

Puranjoy Sar

Prolay K Bhowmick

Anima Mahato

Deepak S Bisht

Mir A Iquebal

Koushik Chakraborty

Amrita Banerjee

Bibhash C Verma

Debarati Bhaduri

Jitendra Kumar

Umakanta Ngangkham

Soumya Saha

None Priyamedha

Nimai P Mandal

Somnath Roy

Genome-wide association study identified QTLs and genes underlying early seedling vigour in aus rice (Oryza sativa L.)

全基因组关联研究鉴定了aus水稻（Oryza sativa L.）早期幼苗活力相关的数量性状位点和基因

Pro-differentiation and anti-senescence treatment may be potential strategies for senile osteoporosis therapy. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying osteoblast differentiation and senescence in senile osteoporosis remain to be clarified. In the present study, the preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 was used to induce osteoblast differentiation. The H2O2 was applied to induce senescence. H2O2 treatment significantly inhibited the expression of Wilms tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP), runtrelated transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix and specific protein 1 (Sp1), inhibited the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, upregulated the senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal), and increased the mRNA levels of p16 and p21. WTAP overexpression significantly reversed the effect of H2O2, during the osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The RIP-qRT-PCR and MeRIP-qRT-PCR assays confirmed that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of Sp1 mRNA was significantly decreased by H2O2 treatment, but was increased by WTAP overexpression. The m6A modification of Sp1 mRNA significantly increased the stability of Sp1 mRNA. The ChIP-qRT-PCR assay and luciferase reporter gene assay showed that Sp1 could bind to the promoter of BMP2. BMP2 knockdown reversed the effect of Sp1 on osteoblast differentiation and senescence. In conclusion, WTAP increased BMP2 expression to promote osteoblast differentiation and inhibit osteoblast senescence via increasing m6A methylation of Sp1 mRNA. This study sheds new light on our understanding of mechanisms underlying osteoblast differentiation and senescence, and provides potential strategies for senile osteoporosis therapy.

Bin Yue

Wei Zhang

Ming Li

Li Xu

WTAP increases BMP2 expression to promote osteoblast differentiation and inhibit osteoblast senescence via m6A methylation of Sp1

WTAP通过m6A甲基化Sp1增加BMP2表达，促进成骨细胞分化并抑制成骨细胞衰老

Abbreviation	Mol Genet Genomics
Journal Impact	2.16
Quartiles(Global)	GENETICS & HEREDITY(Q3)

ISSN	1617-4615, 1617-4623
h-index	134

Publication Information	Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH，Publishing cycle: Monthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2001，Proportion of original research papers: 93.79%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 16.41%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：平均1.0个月
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：较易

Molecular Genetics and Genomics

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